Current Overview on Clinical Management of Chronic Constipation

Area of Science:

• Gastroenterology
• Internal Medicine

Background:

• Constipation is a prevalent gastrointestinal disorder in Western countries, affecting approximately 20% of the population.
• Its pathophysiology is multifactorial, encompassing colonic transit disturbances, genetics, lifestyle, and psychological factors.
• Constipation significantly impacts healthcare utilization and patient quality of life.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review current knowledge on the pathophysiology of chronic constipation.
• To present an overview of the diagnostic challenges and management strategies for chronic constipation.

Main Methods:

• This review synthesizes current literature on chronic constipation.
• It covers diagnostic approaches and therapeutic interventions, including non-pharmacological, pharmacological, and surgical options.

Main Results:

• Non-pharmacological interventions, including patient education on diet and exercise, are the first line of therapy.
• Pharmacological treatments like laxatives and secretagogues are considered if initial therapies fail.
• Surgical intervention may be a definitive solution for refractory cases.

Conclusions:

• Chronic constipation is a complex condition requiring a thorough diagnostic evaluation.
• Management strategies should be individualized, progressing from conservative measures to more invasive options as needed.
• Effective management of chronic constipation is crucial for improving patient outcomes and reducing healthcare burden.