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An Emerging Target Paradigm to Evoke Fast Visuomotor Responses on Human Upper Limb Muscles

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Motor learning by selection in visual working memory.

Ilja Wagner¹, Christian Wolf², Alexander C Schütz^3,4

¹AG Allgemeine und Biologische Psychologie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Gutenbergstraße 18, 35039, Marburg, Germany. ilja.wagner@uni-marburg.de.

Scientific Reports

|April 30, 2021

Summary

Motor adaptation allows for accurate movements throughout life. This study shows that saccade adaptation can be driven by errors occurring long after the movement, especially when targets are behaviorally relevant and rely on visual working memory.

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Motor Control
Cognitive Psychology

Background:

Motor adaptation is crucial for maintaining movement accuracy over a lifetime.
Saccadic eye movements are a key model for studying adaptation mechanisms.
Previous research indicated saccade adaptation relies on errors occurring shortly after movement completion.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate if saccade adaptation can be influenced by error signals that appear long after the eye movement.
To explore the role of behaviorally relevant targets and visual working memory in motor adaptation.

Main Methods:

Experiments involving saccadic eye movements with behaviorally relevant targets.
Introducing a temporal delay between saccade completion and target presentation.
Utilizing retro-cues to indicate task-relevant targets from visual working memory.

Main Results:

Saccade adaptation occurred even when the error signal was presented up to two seconds after the saccade.
Adaptation was observed when a retro-cue identified the relevant target from working memory.
These findings challenge the strict temporal window previously thought to govern saccade adaptation.

Conclusions:

Motor adaptation is more flexible than previously assumed, accommodating delayed error signals.
Visual working memory plays a significant role in updating and controlling movements based on relevant information.
This research highlights the importance of context and behavioral relevance in understanding motor learning and adaptation.