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Area of Science:

  • Quantum optics
  • Condensed matter physics
  • Strong light-matter coupling

Background:

  • Analyzing quantum light-matter systems at strong coupling is complex due to the need for many-excitation states.
  • Existing methods struggle with the full range of interaction strengths.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a nonperturbative approach for analyzing light-matter correlations across all interaction strengths.
  • To enable the systematic derivation of effective models for strongly coupled quantum systems.

Main Methods:

  • A novel unitary transformation is employed to achieve asymptotic decoupling of light and matter degrees of freedom.
  • The method justifies Hilbert space truncation in the transformed frame at larger coupling strengths.

Main Results:

  • The approach systematically derives low-energy effective models, such as tight-binding Hamiltonians.
  • Demonstrated applicability to electrons in crystal potentials and electric dipoles in cavity modes.
  • Discussed generalization for spatially varying electromagnetic modes.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed nonperturbative method offers a versatile and systematic way to analyze complex quantum light-matter interactions.
  • This approach simplifies the study of systems at strong coupling, paving the way for new effective models.