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Area of Science:

  • Nonlinear optics
  • Cavity quantum electrodynamics
  • Photonics

Background:

  • Dissipative systems can exhibit complex localized structures.
  • Kerr cavities are fundamental systems for studying nonlinear optical phenomena.
  • Light bullets (LBs) are localized optical fields with potential applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report the existence and characteristics of stable dissipative light bullets in Kerr cavities.
  • To investigate the formation, stability, and dynamics of these 3D structures.
  • To explore the transition to extreme events like rogue waves.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical modeling of light propagation in nonlinear Kerr cavities.
  • Numerical simulations to observe the formation and evolution of light bullets.
  • Bifurcation analysis to understand stability and phase transitions.
  • Statistical analysis of pulse amplitude distributions.

Main Results:

  • Stable three-dimensional (3D) dissipative light bullets (LBs) were observed in Kerr cavities.
  • LBs can exist as isolated entities or in clusters forming distinct 3D patterns.
  • Their spatial distribution and number depend on initial conditions; peak power is parameter-dependent.
  • Increased injected beam strength destabilizes LBs, leading to giant, short-lived 3D pulses.
  • Pulse amplitude statistics show long-tail distributions, indicative of extreme events (rogue waves).

Conclusions:

  • Stable 3D dissipative light bullets are a realizable phenomenon in Kerr cavities.
  • The observed behavior, including homoclinic snaking, provides a framework for understanding LB formation.
  • The transition to extreme events highlights the potential for rogue wave generation in such systems.