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Updated: Nov 7, 2025

Author Spotlight: Advancements in Multiplex Detection of Respiratory Viruses
Published on: November 10, 2023
Third wave of COVID-19 in Madrid, Spain
Vicente Soriano1, Carmen de Mendoza2, Felix Gómez-Gallego1
1UNIR Health Sciences School and Medical Centre, Madrid, Spain.
Abstract:
A third wave of COVID-19 occurred after Christmas 2020 in Madrid, one of the European pandemic epicenters. We noticed 6 major differential features to previous waves. First, household contacts were a large proportion of cases. Second, access to rapid antigen tests allowed prompt diagnosis and isolation. Third, clinically severe cases and mortality rates were lower. Fourth, the more transmissible B.1.1.7 strain was increasingly found. Fifth, vaccination benefits were seen in healthcare workers and nursing homes. Lastly, reinfections were more common. By Easter 2021, approximately 25% of the population in Madrid had been infected with SARS-CoV-2. Therefore, massive and accelerated vaccination campaigns are warranted to prevent new COVID-19 waves.
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