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Infection With Human T-Lymphotropic Virus 1 (HTLV-1) in Ivory Coast.

Bérenger Konan1, Rose Segla1, Haris Ong2

  • 1Centre Medico-Social Walé, Yamoussoukro, Ivory Coast.

Journal of Medical Virology
|March 27, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Human T-lymphotropic virus 1 (HTLV-1) infection rates are below 1% in central Ivory Coast. This study screened pregnant women and persons living with HIV (PLwH) for HTLV antibodies, finding low prevalence.

Keywords:
HTLV‐1West Africaantenatal testcoinfectionpersons with HIV (PWH)pregnant women

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Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Human T-lymphotropic virus 1 (HTLV-1) is a retrovirus endemic in Africa, with scarce recent data on infection rates.
  • Understanding HTLV-1 prevalence is crucial for public health interventions in endemic regions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the current prevalence of HTLV-1 infection in pregnant women and persons living with HIV (PLwH) in Yamoussoukro, Ivory Coast.
  • To characterize the phylogenetic origin of detected HTLV-1 strains.

Main Methods:

  • A rapid antibody test (Assure HTLV-I/II) screened blood samples from 102 pregnant women and 206 PLwH.
  • HTLV-1 positive samples were confirmed using Inno-LIA, and viral sequences were analyzed phylogenetically.

Main Results:

  • The overall HTLV-1 infection rate was below 1% in the studied population.
  • Two women tested positive: one pregnant and one co-infected with HIV.
  • The viral sequence from the co-infected individual belonged to the HTLV-1a subclade TC, clustering with Middle Eastern strains.

Conclusions:

  • Current HTLV-1 prevalence is low among pregnant women and PLwH in central Ivory Coast.
  • The findings highlight the need for ongoing surveillance and updated epidemiological data for HTLV-1 in Africa.