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Anemia is a novel predictor for clinical ISR following PCI
Ahmed Hussein1, Mohammad Shafiq Awad2, Ahlam M Sabra3
1Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Sohag University, Nasser City, Sohag, 82524, Egypt. ahmed_hussien@med.sohag.edu.eg.
Insights
Anemia significantly increases the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events and in-stent restenosis after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Anemic patients undergoing PCI face higher risks, highlighting the need for further investigation into this association.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Internal Medicine
- Clinical Research
Background:
- Conflicting data exist on anemia's impact on percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) outcomes.
- This study investigated the effect of anemia on clinical in-stent restenosis (ISR) following PCI.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the association between anemia and clinical in-stent restenosis (ISR) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).
- To evaluate the impact of anemia on major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in patients undergoing PCI.
Main Methods:
- A prospective multi-center cohort study included 470 consecutive patients undergoing elective PCI.
- Patients were divided into anemic (group 1) and non-anemic (group 2) groups.
- Follow-up assessments for ISR and MACE were conducted at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months.
Main Results:
- 20% of patients undergoing PCI had anemia.
- Anemic patients had higher rates of impaired renal function, diabetes, and were more frequently female.
- Anemia was independently associated with increased MACE (adjusted HR 4.13) and clinical ISR (adjusted HR 3.51) over 12 months.
Conclusions:
- Anemia in PCI patients is linked to female gender, diabetes, and renal impairment.
- Anemia serves as a potential indicator for clinical ISR.
- Anemia is fundamentally associated with a higher incidence of MACE post-PCI.
Background:
Conflicting data were found regarding the anemia's effect on percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) outcomes. We directed our study to investigate anemia's effect on clinical in-stent restenosis (ISR) following PCI.
Results:
A prospective multi-center cohort study was performed on 470 consecutive participants undergoing elective PCI. We classified the participants into two groups: group 1 who were anemic and group 2 who were non-anemic as a control group. At 1, 3, 6, and 12 months by clinic visits, we followed up with the patients to assess anemia's clinical ISR effect. We found that 20% of the patients undergoing PCI had anemia. Anemic patients showed a statistically significant higher rate of impaired renal function and diabetes and a higher percentage of the female gender. Multivariate regression analysis for major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) after adjusting for confounding factors revealed that anemia represents a more risk on MACE (adjusted hazard ratio (HR) was 4.13; 95% CI 2.35-7.94; p value < 0.001) and carries a higher risk upon clinical ISR (adjusted HR was 3.51; 95% CI 1.88-7.16; p value < 0.001) over 12 months of follow-up.
Conclusion:
Anemic patients going through PCI are generally females, diabetics, and have renal impairment. Anemia might be considered another indicator for clinical ISR and is fundamentally associated with an increased MACE incidence.
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