Influence of liposomes composition on their stability during the nebulization process by vibrating mesh nebulizer

In this study, three different molecules (cholesterol, phosphatidic acid, and polyethylene glycol) were used for the stabilization of liposomes during the nebulization process. The purpose of this article is to answer the question of whether the change in the composition of liposomes affected the parameters of generated aerosol and whether the nebulization process affected observed properties of liposomes. Firstly, liposomes with different composition were prepared and their properties were checked by dynamic and electrophoretic light scattering. The membrane properties were measured by fluorescence spectroscopy - especially generalized polarization (Laurdan) and anisotropy (Diphenylhexatriene). The same characteristic of liposomes was measured after the nebulization by vibrating mesh nebulizer. Cholesterol was capable of liposome stabilization because of increased membrane fluidity. The membrane properties of the outer and inner parts were not influenced by the nebulization process. Electrostatic stabilization was successful for the lowest concentration of phosphatidic acid, but after the nebulization process the hydration of the membrane outer part was changed. Higher amount of PEG needs to be added for successful steric stabilization. The nebulization process of the two lowest concentrations of PEG slightly influenced immobilized water and the rigidity of inner part of the membrane (especially around the phase transition temperature).