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Updated: Nov 7, 2025

Protocol for Acute and Chronic Ecotoxicity Testing of the Turquoise Killifish Nothobranchius furzeri
Published on: April 24, 2018
Acquiring toxicity of a newt, Cynops orientalis
Dietrich Mebs1, Mari Yotsu-Yamashita2
1Institute of Legal Medicine, University of Frankfurt, Kennedyallee 104, D-60596, Frankfurt, Germany.
Abstract:
Tetrodotoxin (TTX) contents of wild-caught Chinese red-bellied newts, Cynops orientalis, and their offspring captive-reared from eggs to metamorphosed juveniles, were analysed using post-column LC-fluorescent detection (LC-FLD) and high resolution hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (HR-HILIC-LC/MS). TTX was detected in the parent newts and their eggs, but not in the larvae and juveniles raised under artificial condition over 20 months. However, juveniles reared in the presence of their parents, contained TTX-concentrations up to 8.05 μg/g. The origin of TTX may be implied from a close connection between the parents and their offspring.
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