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Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation and Simultaneous Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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Perturbing fMRI brain dynamics using transcranial direct current stimulation.

Yiheng Tu1, Jin Cao2, Seyhmus Guler2

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, United States; Department of Radiology, Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, United States.

Neuroimage
|May 2, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) can alter resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) brain dynamics. This study shows tDCS modulates co-activation patterns (CAPs) and their transitions, offering new therapeutic avenues for brain disorders.

Keywords:
Brain dynamicsCo-activation patternsDorsolateral prefrontal cortexNeuronal excitabilityOrbitofrontal cortexTranscranial direct current stimulation

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Brain Imaging

Background:

  • Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) reveals dynamic brain activity and connectivity.
  • Temporal properties of fMRI dynamics are linked to cognition and may be disrupted in neuropsychiatric disorders.
  • Developing methods to manipulate fMRI brain dynamics is crucial for understanding pathophysiology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the modulatory effects of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on fMRI brain dynamics.
  • To assess how stimulating the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (rDLPFC) and left orbitofrontal cortex (lOFC) impacts co-activation patterns (CAPs) and their temporal properties.
  • To explore the potential of tDCS for experimental manipulation of brain dynamics.

Main Methods:

  • 81 healthy participants underwent simultaneous repeated tDCS and fMRI.
  • Co-activation patterns (CAPs) and their temporal dynamics (occurrence rate, transitions) were identified using rDLPFC and lOFC as seeds.
  • Meta-analytical decoding was used to associate CAP spatial maps with cognitive and disease domains.

Main Results:

  • Active tDCS significantly altered the occurrence rates of identified CAPs, with one decreasing and another increasing.
  • These tDCS-induced changes in CAP dynamics persisted across multiple sessions and days.
  • Active tDCS perturbed transitions between CAPs and non-CAP states but not transitions within CAPs.

Conclusions:

  • The study demonstrates the feasibility of using tDCS to modulate fMRI brain dynamics.
  • Findings suggest tDCS can alter the temporal properties of brain network activity.
  • This opens possibilities for identifying novel stimulation targets and dynamic connectivity patterns for therapeutic interventions in disorders characterized by altered brain dynamics.