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Updated: Nov 7, 2025

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Engineering G-quadruplex aptamer to modulate its binding specificity.

Long Li1, Shujuan Xu1, Xueyu Peng2

  • 1Department of Chemistry and Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, Center for Research at the Bio/Nano Interface, Health Cancer Center, UF Genetics Institute, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-7200, USA.

National Science Review
|May 3, 2021
PubMed
Summary

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This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a novel aptamer strategy using DNA intercalated motifs (i-motifs) to improve target cell recognition. This method enhances aptamer sensitivity for distinguishing between high and low protein expression levels, crucial for biomedical applications.

Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Aptamers are DNA or RNA molecules used in bioanalytical and biomedical applications for their ability to bind specific targets, such as cell surface protein receptors.
  • Distinguishing between high and low levels of protein expression on cancer versus normal cells is a significant challenge for current aptamer-based technologies.
  • Existing methods for tuning aptamer sensitivity are difficult to estimate and screen effectively.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an allosteric regulation strategy for constructing structure-switching aptamers for enhanced target cell recognition.
  • To engineer aptamers with DNA intercalated motifs (i-motifs) that are responsive to microenvironmental factors like pH.
  • To address the challenge of estimating and screening aptamer sensitivity for improved specificity.
Keywords:
G-quadruplexaptamerbinding specificitycell microenvironmenti-motif

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Main Methods:

  • An allosteric regulation strategy was employed to engineer structure-switching aptamers.
  • DNA intercalated motifs (i-motifs) were incorporated into aptamers, making them responsive to microenvironmental conditions such as pH.
  • A fluorescent probe capable of detecting G-quadruplex structures in complex biological media was selected for sensitivity assessment.

Main Results:

  • The study reports the successful construction of structure-switching aptamers using an allosteric regulation strategy.
  • The engineered aptamers with i-motifs demonstrated sensitivity to microenvironmental changes, allowing for tunable structure-switching.
  • The selected fluorescent probe facilitated the detection of G-quadruplex structures in biological samples, aiding in the screening process.

Conclusions:

  • The developed allosteric regulation strategy offers a promising approach for creating aptamers with enhanced target cell recognition capabilities.
  • The engineered aptamers with i-motifs provide a tunable platform for distinguishing between varying levels of protein expression.
  • This work advances the development of more specific and sensitive aptamer-based tools for biomedical and bioanalytical applications.