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DNA unwinding helicase enzymes are a type of motor protein. Motor proteins can translocate along filaments or polymers using energy generated from ATP hydrolysis. Helicases are involved in all the important cellular processes where DNA unwinding is required, such as DNA replication, repair, recombination, and transcription. They are present in all living organisms, but vary in their structure, function, and mechanism of action. For example, in prokaryotes, DnaB helicase binds and translocates...
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Two structural features of the DNA molecule provide a basis for the mechanisms of heredity: the four nucleotide bases and its double-stranded nature. The Watson-Crick model of double-helical DNA structure, proposed in 1952, drew heavily upon the X-ray crystallography work of researchers Rosalind Franklin and Maurice Wilkins. Watson, Crick, and Wilkins jointly received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for their work in 1962. Franklin was, controversially, excluded from the prize for...
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DNA replication involves the separation of the two strands of the double helix, with each strand serving as a template from which the new complementary strand is copied.  After replication, each double-stranded DNA includes one parental or “old” strand and one “new” strand. This is known as semiconservative replication. The resulting DNA molecules have the same sequence and are divided equally into the two daughter cells.
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Designing a Bio-responsive Robot from DNA Origami
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Strategies for Constructing and Operating DNA Origami Linear Actuators.

Erik Benson1, Rafael Carrascosa Marzo1, Jonathan Bath1

  • 1Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PU, UK.

Small (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)
|May 4, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed DNA origami linear actuators with 200 nm travel. These nanoscale machines utilize a rail-and-slider design for precise molecular positioning, enabling applications in nanomanufacturing.

Keywords:
DNA mechanismsDNA nanotechnologyDNA origamilinear actuatorsself-assembly

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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology and Nanotechnology
  • Molecular Engineering

Background:

  • Linear actuators are essential engineering components across various scales.
  • DNA nanotechnology enables bottom-up assembly with nanoscale precision for device construction and operation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate DNA origami linear actuators with significant travel distance.
  • To explore efficient assembly strategies and precise positioning mechanisms for these nanoscale actuators.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized DNA origami to construct linear actuators comprising a rail and a topologically locked slider.
  • Implemented one-pot and two-pot assembly strategies using single or double DNA scaffold strands.
  • Engineered positioning control via sequence-specific oligonucleotide decoration on the rail and slider, employing diffusion and capture of signaling strands.

Main Results:

  • Successfully demonstrated DNA origami linear actuators with up to 200 nm travel.
  • Achieved reversible slider positioning on the rail with high yield and precision using designed signaling strands.
  • Validated both one-pot and two-pot assembly methods for actuator fabrication.

Conclusions:

  • The developed DNA origami linear actuators represent a significant advancement in molecular machinery.
  • These actuators offer a robust platform for nanoscale manufacturing and programmed chemical synthesis.
  • The precise control mechanisms pave the way for complex molecular devices.