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Pathobiology and evolving therapies of coronary artery vasospasm

Monish A Sheth1, Robert J Widmer2, Hari K Dandapantula2

  • 1Division of Hospital Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Baylor Scott & White Medical Center, Temple, Texas.

Proceedings (Baylor University. Medical Center)
|May 6, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Coronary artery vasospasm causes chest pain and is linked to type 2 myocardial infarction. This review covers updated pathophysiology, risk factors, diagnosis, and treatments for coronary artery vasospasm.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Vascular Medicine

Background:

  • Coronary artery vasospasm is a significant cause of chest pain.
  • It is crucial in the differential diagnosis of type 2 myocardial infarction.
  • Limited randomized controlled trials exist for its prevention and treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review updated concepts in coronary artery vasospasm.
  • To present current evidence on pathophysiology and risk factors.
  • To propose a diagnostic algorithm and discuss evolving therapies.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of updated concepts in coronary artery vasospasm.
  • Analysis of current evidence on pathophysiology and risk factors.
  • Synthesis of diagnostic approaches and therapeutic strategies.

Main Results:

  • Coronary artery vasospasm requires high clinical suspicion for diagnosis.
  • Updated understanding of pathophysiology and risk factors is presented.
  • An evidence-based diagnostic algorithm and evolving therapies are reviewed.

Conclusions:

  • Coronary artery vasospasm management benefits from updated knowledge.
  • A structured diagnostic approach and review of therapies are essential.
  • Identifying patients for automatic implantable cardioverter defibrillators is discussed.

Keywords:
Automatic implantable cardioverter defibrillatorsPrinzmetal anginacalcium channel blockercoronary artery vasospasmnitratesnitroglycerintype 2 myocardial infarction

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