Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Precipitation Gravimetry01:03

Precipitation Gravimetry

9.7K
Precipitation gravimetry is based on converting an analyte into a sparingly soluble precipitate, which is separated by filtration and weighed. An ideal precipitate should be pure, insoluble, of known composition, and easily filtered from the reaction mixture.
In determining nickel by gravimetric analysis, a precipitant of ethanolic dimethylglyoxime is added to a hot nickel salt solution. This is quickly followed by the dropwise addition of dilute ammonia solution until precipitation occurs. A...
9.7K
GIS Software, Hardware, and Sources of GIS Data01:23

GIS Software, Hardware, and Sources of GIS Data

370
A Geographic Information System (GIS) combines specialized software and hardware to effectively manage, analyze, and present spatial and related data. GIS software includes critical functionalities such as a user interface for easy navigation, database management tools for handling spatial and attribute data, and data retrieval features for efficient access. Analytical tools transform raw data into insights, while display functions produce maps and reports in various formats for effective...
370
Geoid and Ellipsoid01:28

Geoid and Ellipsoid

242
The Earth's shape is best described as an ellipsoid, a slightly flattened sphere created by rotating an ellipse around its minor axis. This flattening results in the polar axis being about 21 kilometers shorter than the equatorial axis. In contrast, the geoid represents the Earth's gravitational shape and aligns with the mean sea level (MSL). The geoid is an irregular equipotential surface where gravity is perpendicular at every point. Variations in Earth's mass distribution cause geoid...
242
Precipitation Processes01:12

Precipitation Processes

2.0K
The experimental conditions in a gravimetric analysis should be optimized to maximize the particle size and purity of the obtained precipitate. Ideally, the concentration of the precipitating reagent should be low with effective stirring to maintain low relative supersaturation for the growth of large crystals. In homogeneous precipitation, the precipitant is slowly generated by a chemical reaction in the solution to avoid local reagent excesses. For example, urea decomposes gradually to...
2.0K
Types of Global Positioning System Surveys01:30

Types of Global Positioning System Surveys

165
GPS surveying methods vary in application, accuracy, and data collection techniques, catering to diverse surveying and mapping needs. Static GPS, kinematic GPS, and real-time kinematic (RTK) surveying are widely used. Each technique offers distinct advantages.Static GPS involves placing one receiver at a known reference point and another at the target point. It collects exact positional data by observing multiple satellite ranges over an extended period, achieving centimeter-level accuracy for...
165
Precipitation and Co-precipitation01:17

Precipitation and Co-precipitation

3.1K
Precipitation and coprecipitation methods can be used to separate a mixture of ions in a solution. In qualitative inorganic analysis, ions that form sparingly soluble precipitates with the same reagent are separated based on the differences in solubility products. For example, consider the separation of Cu(II) and Fe(II) ions by precipitation as insoluble sulfides. First, copper(II) sulfide is precipitated by the addition of acidic H2S, where the dissociation of H2S is suppressed. Adding H2S...
3.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

The GEOS/ECCO C1440-LLC2160 Coupled Atmosphere-Ocean Simulation Dataset.

Scientific data·2026
Same author

Maximizing the potential benefits of beaver restoration for fire resilience and water storage.

Ecological applications : a publication of the Ecological Society of America·2025
Same author

Effects of grid spacing on high-frequency precipitation variance in coupled high-resolution global ocean-atmosphere models.

Climate dynamics·2022
Same author

The Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications, Version 2 (MERRA-2).

Journal of climate·2020
Same author

Practice and philosophy of climate model tuning across six U.S. modeling centers.

Geoscientific model development·2019
Same author

Assessing the Grell-Freitas Convection Parameterization in the NASA GEOS Modeling System.

Journal of advances in modeling earth systems·2018

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 6, 2025

Use of Principal Components for Scaling Up Topographic Models to Map Soil Redistribution and Soil Organic Carbon
09:44

Use of Principal Components for Scaling Up Topographic Models to Map Soil Redistribution and Soil Organic Carbon

Published on: October 16, 2018

10.4K

GEOS-S2S Version 2: The GMAO High Resolution Coupled Model and Assimilation System for Seasonal Prediction.

Andrea Molod1, Eric Hackert1, Yury Vikhliaev1,2

  • 1NASA, Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771.

Journal of Geophysical Research. Atmospheres : JGR
|May 7, 2021
PubMed
Summary

The new Goddard Earth Observing System (GEOS) Sub-seasonal to Seasonal prediction (S2S) system, GEOS-S2S-2, significantly improves climate bias and subseasonal to seasonal forecast skill, particularly for the Madden-Julian Oscillation.

More Related Videos

Investigating the Relationship between Sea Surface Chlorophyll and Major Features of the South China Sea with Satellite Information
10:28

Investigating the Relationship between Sea Surface Chlorophyll and Major Features of the South China Sea with Satellite Information

Published on: June 13, 2020

6.1K
Integrating Remote Sensing with Species Distribution Models; Mapping Tamarisk Invasions Using the Software for Assisted Habitat Modeling SAHM
12:26

Integrating Remote Sensing with Species Distribution Models; Mapping Tamarisk Invasions Using the Software for Assisted Habitat Modeling SAHM

Published on: October 11, 2016

13.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Nov 6, 2025

Use of Principal Components for Scaling Up Topographic Models to Map Soil Redistribution and Soil Organic Carbon
09:44

Use of Principal Components for Scaling Up Topographic Models to Map Soil Redistribution and Soil Organic Carbon

Published on: October 16, 2018

10.4K
Investigating the Relationship between Sea Surface Chlorophyll and Major Features of the South China Sea with Satellite Information
10:28

Investigating the Relationship between Sea Surface Chlorophyll and Major Features of the South China Sea with Satellite Information

Published on: June 13, 2020

6.1K
Integrating Remote Sensing with Species Distribution Models; Mapping Tamarisk Invasions Using the Software for Assisted Habitat Modeling SAHM
12:26

Integrating Remote Sensing with Species Distribution Models; Mapping Tamarisk Invasions Using the Software for Assisted Habitat Modeling SAHM

Published on: October 11, 2016

13.6K

Area of Science:

  • Earth System Science
  • Atmospheric Science
  • Oceanography

Background:

  • The Global Modeling and Assimilation Office (GMAO) previously developed the GEOS Sub-seasonal to Seasonal prediction (S2S) system.
  • Advancements in Earth system modeling and data assimilation necessitate system updates.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce and detail the new GEOS-S2S-2 system.
  • To evaluate the performance improvements of GEOS-S2S-2 over its predecessor.
  • To assess the impact of new data assimilation techniques on prediction skill.

Main Methods:

  • Climate equilibrium simulations of the atmosphere and ocean.
  • Coupled reanalysis experiments incorporating along-track Absolute Dynamic Topography data.
  • Subseasonal and seasonal forecast skill assessments, including Madden-Julian Oscillation prediction and tropical Pacific forecasts.

Main Results:

  • GEOS-S2S-2 demonstrated a substantial reduction in climate bias compared to GEOS-S2S-1.
  • Coupled reanalysis showed significant improvements, linked to the assimilation of Absolute Dynamic Topography.
  • Forecast skill improved for the Madden-Julian Oscillation and tropical Pacific, with reduced root mean square error for surface temperature.

Conclusions:

  • GEOS-S2S-2 represents a substantial advancement in Earth system prediction capabilities.
  • The system shows enhanced skill in predicting key climate phenomena on subseasonal to seasonal timescales.
  • Ongoing development aims to further enhance prediction accuracy and incorporate new observational data.