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Area of Science:

  • Astrophysics
  • Nuclear Physics
  • Gravitational Wave Astronomy

Background:

  • The GW190814 event detected a black hole with a low-mass companion.
  • The nature of this companion is crucial for understanding compact star physics.
  • Existing models struggle to explain the properties of all observed compact objects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if the GW190814 companion could be a strange quark star.
  • To explore the viability of the two-families scenario for compact stars.
  • To reconcile the high masses and small radii of compact objects.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical modeling of compact stars within the two-families scenario.
  • Analysis of equations of state for neutron stars and strange quark stars.
  • Comparison of model predictions with GW190814 observations and astrophysical constraints.

Main Results:

  • Strange quark stars can achieve the mass range of the GW190814 companion (∼2.5–2.67 M☉) with a high adiabatic index.
  • Neutron stars (hyperonic stars) in this scenario satisfy astrophysical and nuclear physics constraints with a softer equation of state.
  • This model allows for massive stars with small radii, including radii ≤ 11 km for a 1.4 M☉ star.

Conclusions:

  • The two-families scenario, where neutron stars and strange quark stars coexist, provides a consistent explanation for compact objects.
  • Strange quark stars are a viable candidate for the GW190814 low-mass companion.
  • This framework resolves apparent contradictions in compact star properties, such as high mass and small radius simultaneously.