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Updated: Nov 6, 2025

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Published on: December 20, 2024
Retinoic Acid Correlates with Reduced Serum IL-10 And TGF-β in Allergic Rhinitis
Akram Davoodi1, Ramin Lotfi2, Seyed Hamidreza Mortazavi3
1Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
Background:
Retinoic acid (RA) plays a key role in naïve T cell differentiation into FOXP3+ Treg cell in the respiratory airways. The present study aims to investigate RA and Treg-related cytokine serum levels, salivary IgA levels, FOXP3 and IL-4 gene expression, and the relationships between RA serum levels and Treg-related cytokines in allergic rhinitis (AR) patients and healthy controls.
Methods:
Salivary IgA and serum IgE, RA, IL-10, and TGF-β concentrations were measured by ELISA in 37 AR patients and 30 age- and sex-matched healthy controls.
Results:
IL-10 and TGF-β concentrations were significantly less in AR patients than in healthy controls (p< 0.01 and P< 0.0001, respectively). Salivary IgA was significantly greater in patients than in controls (p< 0.05). RA was not significantly different between patients and controls (p> 0.05); however, a significant positive correlation was found between serum RA and both IL-10 and TGF-β in AR patients.
Conclusion:
Our data suggest that RA may influence AR risk via affecting the TGF-β and IL-10 production.
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