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Effect of plasma glucose at admission on COVID-19 mortality: experience from a tertiary hospital

Bharat Kumar1, Madhukar Mittal1, Maya Gopalakrishnan1

  • 1All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India.

Endocrine Connections
|May 10, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Admission plasma glucose levels in hospitalized COVID-19 patients are a strong predictor of mortality. Higher glucose levels correlate with increased risk, especially in patients with diabetes mellitus.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Endocrinology
  • Critical Care Medicine

Background:

  • Plasma glucose levels are linked to mortality in various diseases, including infections.
  • Understanding glucose's role in COVID-19 is crucial for patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between plasma glucose at admission and mortality in hospitalized COVID-19 patients in Jodhpur, India.
  • To explore the relationship between glucose levels, disease severity, and patient outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • A hospital-based clinical study involving 386 COVID-19 patients from May 15 to June 30, 2020.
  • Collected random blood samples for plasma glucose, interleukin-6 (IL6), and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) assays.
  • Analyzed data to correlate glucose levels with mortality, disease severity, and inflammatory markers.

Main Results:

  • A total of 386 patients were studied; 4.1% expired. Patients with known diabetes mellitus had three times higher mortality.
  • Higher plasma glucose levels were observed in patients with moderate to severe COVID-19 and in non-survivors.
  • Plasma glucose strongly correlated with inflammatory markers (IL6 and hsCRP) and increased mortality risk with rising glucose levels.

Conclusions:

  • Plasma glucose at admission is a significant predictor of mortality in hospitalized COVID-19 patients.
  • Elevated glucose levels indicate a poorer prognosis and are associated with increased inflammation.
Abstract

Keywords:
COVID-19IL6diabetes mellitusmortalityplasma glucose

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