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Point-Of-Care Ultrasound Screening for Proximal Lower Extremity Deep Venous Thrombosis
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Upper Extremity Deep Vein Thrombosis: Current Knowledge and Future Directions

Hiu Lam Agnes Yuen1,2, Huyen Tran2, Sanjeev Chunilal1,2

  • 1Monash Haematology, Monash Health, Melbourne, Australia.

Seminars in Thrombosis and Hemostasis
|May 10, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Upper extremity deep vein thrombosis (UEDVT) is rising due to central venous catheters. Further research is needed on UEDVT risk factors, diagnosis, and treatment, especially concerning venous thoracic outlet syndrome.

Area of Science:

  • Vascular Medicine
  • Thrombosis Research
  • Medical Device Complications

Background:

  • Increasing incidence of Upper Extremity Deep Vein Thrombosis (UEDVT) linked to central venous catheter use.
  • UEDVT can be primary (idiopathic) or secondary to medical devices (pacemakers, catheters) or cancer.
  • Risk factors, diagnostics, and management for UEDVT are less defined than for lower limb or pulmonary thromboembolism.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current evidence on primary and secondary UEDVT.
  • To identify areas requiring further research in UEDVT.
  • To explore the role of venous thoracic outlet syndrome in recurrent UEDVT and surgical interventions.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of existing literature on UEDVT.
  • Analysis of risk factors, diagnostic modalities, and treatment strategies.
  • Exploration of the pathophysiology and clinical significance of venous thoracic outlet syndrome.

Main Results:

  • Central venous catheters are a significant driver of increasing UEDVT incidence.
  • Established risk factors, diagnostic criteria, and treatment protocols for UEDVT remain areas of active investigation.
  • Venous thoracic outlet syndrome is implicated as a potential cause of recurrent primary UEDVT, justifying surgical approaches.

Conclusions:

  • The escalating use of central venous catheters necessitates a better understanding of UEDVT.
  • Further research is crucial to define optimal risk stratification, diagnostic workup, and therapeutic interventions for UEDVT.
  • Investigating venous thoracic outlet syndrome may provide insights into managing recurrent UEDVT and guide surgical treatment strategies.

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