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Respiratory muscle training and exercise ventilation while diving at altitude.

Courtney E Wheelock1, Hayden W Hess1, Jocelyn Stooks1

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Undersea & Hyperbaric Medicine : Journal of the Undersea and Hyperbaric Medical Society, Inc
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Pre-dive altitude exposure can reduce respiratory muscle strength. Resistance respiratory muscle training (RMT) mitigated some effects, decreasing breathing frequency and perceived exertion during dives at altitude.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Physiology
  • Sports Science
  • Diving Medicine

Background:

  • Pre-dive altitude exposure may increase respiratory fatigue and alter exercise ventilation during dives.
  • Understanding these effects is crucial for diver safety and performance at altitude.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of pre-dive altitude exposure on respiratory fatigue during simulated dives.
  • To evaluate the effectiveness of resistance respiratory muscle training (RMT) in mitigating respiratory fatigue in divers at altitude.

Main Methods:

  • Ten men underwent simulated dives at 3,658 m before and after a four-week RMT program.
  • Pulmonary function tests, including inspiratory and expiratory pressures, were conducted.
  • During dives, subjects exercised, with measurements of ventilation, breathing frequency, tidal volume, and perceived exertion.

Main Results:

  • Altitude exposure reduced inspiratory pressure but did not significantly affect exercise ventilation at depth.
  • RMT increased inspiratory and expiratory pressures.
  • RMT decreased breathing frequency and perceived exertion during the latter stages of exercise at depth.

Conclusions:

  • Acute altitude exposure impacts respiratory muscle strength but not ventilation during exercise at depth.
  • RMT can reduce breathing effort and respiratory fatigue during dives at altitude, potentially enhancing diver performance and safety.