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Related Concept Videos

MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry01:19

MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry

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Mass spectrometry is a powerful characterization technique that can identify and separate a wide variety of compounds ranging from chemical to biological entities, based on their mass-to-charge ratio (m/z). The instruments that allow this detection, known as mass spectrometers, have three components: an ion source, a mass analyzer, and a detector. These spectrometers differ based on the nature of their ion source and analyzers.
Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) is a commonly...
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Mass Spectrometry: Complex Analysis01:21

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Mass spectrometry is an important technique for the identification of pure compounds. However, it has some limitations for the analysis of complex mixtures, often due to excessive fragmentation making the spectrum too complicated to decipher. Mass spectrometry can be combined with suitable separation methods in sequence, forming hyphenated methods, which are useful in the analysis of complex mixtures.
GC–MS is a powerful hyphenated method commonly used in forensics and environmental...
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Mass Spectrometers01:16

Mass Spectrometers

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This lesson details the instrumentation of a mass spectrometer—a physical instrument to perform mass spectrometry on analyte molecules and record the characteristic mass spectra. This is achieved via three chief functions:
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Mass Spectrometry: Overview01:19

Mass Spectrometry: Overview

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Mass spectrometry is an analytical technique used to determine the molecular mass and molecular formula of a compound. The basic principle of mass spectrometry is to generate ions from the analyte molecule and measure these ion abundances against their molecular mass.  One common type of ionization, known as electrospray ionization or EI, bombards the analyte molecules in the gas phase with high-energy electron beams. The electron beams displace an electron from the molecule and leave...
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High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Types of Detectors01:15

High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Types of Detectors

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The role of the detectors in High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) is to analyze the solutes as they exit from the chromatographic column. The detector recognizes the solute's property and generates corresponding electrical signals, which are converted into a readable graph of the detector's response versus elution time called a chromatogram at the computer. There are several types of HPLC detectors, each with its own advantages and limitations, depending on the analyte...
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Peptide Identification Using Tandem Mass Spectrometry01:33

Peptide Identification Using Tandem Mass Spectrometry

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Tandem mass spectrometry, also known as MS/MS or MS2, is an analytical technique that employs two mass analyzers. Essentially it is a series of mass spectrometers that helps isolate a particular biomolecule and then helps study its chemical properties.
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Updated: Nov 6, 2025

Sheathless Capillary Electrophoresis&#8211;Mass Spectrometry for Metabolic Profiling of Biological Samples
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Clinical Chemistry for Developing Countries: Mass Spectrometry.

Suji Lee1, Kavyasree Chintalapudi1, Abraham K Badu-Tawiah1

  • 1Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA;

Annual Review of Analytical Chemistry (Palo Alto, Calif.)
|May 12, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Developing new diagnostic tests for low-resource settings is crucial. Open-source ambient mass spectrometry (MS) offers a high performance-to-cost ratio for early disease detection in developing countries.

Keywords:
centralized detectiondisease diagnosismicrofluidic paper-based devicesmicrosamplingopen analytical systemspoint-of-careportable analytical systems

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Integrated Cell Manipulation Platform Coupled with the Single-probe for Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Drugs and Metabolites in Single Suspension Cells
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Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Biomedical Diagnostics
  • Global Health

Background:

  • Early disease diagnosis is critical for timely intervention but challenging in resource-limited settings.
  • Current colorimetric diagnostic tests are low-cost but often lack sufficient sensitivity for early detection.
  • Limited resources in developing countries necessitate innovative diagnostic solutions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a new criterion for selecting diagnostic tests in low- and middle-income countries based on performance-to-cost ratio.
  • To review recent advancements in mass spectrometry (MS) applicable to developing countries.
  • To advocate for open-source ambient MS platforms for resource-limited diagnostics.

Main Methods:

  • Critical review of recent developments in chemistry enabling MS application in developing countries.
  • Analysis of performance-to-cost ratios for diagnostic test selection.
  • Exploration of open-source ambient MS platforms with microsampling techniques (e.g., dried blood spot).

Main Results:

  • Mass spectrometry (MS) offers advanced analytical capabilities applicable to diverse fields, including clinical research.
  • Closed automated systems may lack the flexibility required for resource-limited settings.
  • Open-source ambient MS platforms coupled with microsampling can reduce sample handling and maintenance costs by over 50%.

Conclusions:

  • A performance-to-cost ratio criterion is proposed for selecting diagnostic tests in low- and middle-income countries.
  • Open-source ambient MS platforms provide a flexible and cost-effective solution for diagnostics in developing countries.
  • Utilizing miniature mass spectrometers with microsampling techniques enables high-performance, low-cost analytical measurements.