Xanthogranulomatous cystitis mimicking bladder tumor: A case report

Area of Science:

• Urology
• Pathology
• Inflammatory Diseases

Background:

• Xanthogranulomatous inflammation is a rare chronic inflammatory process.
• It typically affects organs such as the gallbladder and kidneys.
• This condition can present diagnostic challenges due to its varied manifestations.

Observation:

• A 56-year-old male presented with a year of urinary urgency and frequency.
• CT imaging revealed a solid bladder lesion, initially suspected as malignancy.
• The patient underwent transurethral resection for the suspected bladder tumor.

Findings:

• Microscopic histopathology confirmed the diagnosis of xanthogranulomatous cystitis.
• The resected lesion showed characteristic features of this inflammatory process.
• Post-operative antibiotic therapy was administered.

Implications:

• Xanthogranulomatous cystitis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of bladder lesions.
• Accurate histopathological examination is crucial for correct diagnosis.
• This condition is treatable, with potential for complete recovery as demonstrated by normal follow-up cystourethroscopy.