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Related Concept Videos

Fluid Pressure over Flat Plate of Variable Width01:02

Fluid Pressure over Flat Plate of Variable Width

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When a flat plate is submerged in a fluid, the fluid exerts pressure on the plate. This pressure can lead to many different phenomena, including drag and buoyancy. To understand the behavior of the fluid over a flat plate of variable width, it is essential to analyze the distribution of the pressure exerted.
The pressure distribution on the plate can be calculated by determining the force that acts on a differential area strip of the plate. Thus, the magnitude of the force is equal to the...
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Fluid Pressure over Flat Plate of Constant Width01:05

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When a body is submerged in water, it experiences fluid pressure acting normal on its surface and distributed over its area. For better design structures, it is crucial to determine the magnitude and location of the resultant force acting on the surface. In the case of a rectangular plate of constant width submerged in water, the pressure increases with depth, resulting in a linearly varying trapezoidal pressure distribution from the upper to the lower edge of the plate.
The resultant force...
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Fluid Pressure over Curved Plate of Constant Width01:12

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When a curved plate of constant width is submerged in a liquid, the pressure acting normal to the plate varies continuously both in magnitude and direction. Calculating the magnitude and location of the resultant force at a point is often challenging for such cases. One of the methods to determine the resultant force and its location involves separately calculating the horizontal and vertical components of the resultant force. This complex calculation can be simplified by representing the...
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Hydrostatic Pressure Force on a Plane Surface01:04

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When a plane surface is submerged in a fluid, hydrostatic forces develop on the surface due to the fluid's pressure. For horizontal surfaces, the pressure exerted by the fluid is uniform because the depth remains constant. The resultant force is determined by the pressure at the given depth multiplied by the area of the surface, and it acts through the centroid of the surface. For vertical surfaces, the pressure varies with depth, increasing as the distance from the fluid's free surface...
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Hydrostatic Pressure Force on a Curved Surface01:04

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Hydrostatic pressure on curved surfaces is a fundamental concept in fluid mechanics with broad applications in the civil engineering field. When fluid is in contact with a curved surface, as in a reservoir, dam, or storage tank, it exerts pressure that varies in magnitude and direction along the curved surface. To assess the total hydrostatic force exerted by the fluid on a curved structure, engineers typically isolate the fluid volume adjacent to the surface and analyze the forces acting on...
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Basic Equation for Pressure Field01:13

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The basic equation for a pressure field in fluid mechanics captures the balance of forces within any segment of fluid, providing a foundational understanding of how pressure changes within fluids under various forces. Generally, two main types of forces act on any part of a fluid: surface forces and body forces. Surface forces arise from pressure differences across points within the fluid, which result in net forces that can vary depending on the local pressure gradient. Body forces, on the...
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Updated: Nov 5, 2025

Treating Surfaces with a Cold Atmospheric Pressure Plasma using the COST-Jet
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Freeform surface generation by atmospheric pressure plasma processing using a time-variant influence function.

Xing Su, Peng Ji, Yuan Jin

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    |May 14, 2021
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    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Atmospheric pressure plasma processing (APPP) enables efficient material removal for freeform surfaces. This study presents a method to control nonlinearities caused by a time-variant tool influence function (TIF) by calculating optimal dwell times.

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    Area of Science:

    • Materials Science
    • Manufacturing Engineering
    • Surface Engineering

    Background:

    • Atmospheric pressure plasma processing (APPP) offers efficient material removal for freeform surface generation due to its controllable chemical reactions.
    • The tool influence function (TIF) in APPP is sensitive to local dwell time, leading to nonlinearities caused by plasma thermal effects on chemical reactions.
    • These nonlinearities pose challenges for precise freeform surface generation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop and validate a freeform generation method for APPP that accounts for a time-variant TIF.
    • To analyze the nonlinear characteristics of APPP and their impact on freeform surface generation.
    • To propose a dwell time calculation method to mitigate processing nonlinearities.

    Main Methods:

    • Analysis of time-variant removal characteristics of APPP and its nonlinear effects.
    • Development of a freeform surface generation concept based on controlled local volumetric removal.
    • Creation of a dwell time calculation method to suppress nonlinearity from the time-variant TIF.
    • Validation through simulation and experimental analysis of complex structure generation.

    Main Results:

    • The study successfully analyzed the nonlinear removal characteristics of APPP.
    • A novel freeform generation concept and dwell time calculation method were developed.
    • Simulations and experiments confirmed the method's ability to reduce nonlinear influences.
    • The proposed method enhances the applicability of APPP for complex freeform surfaces.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed dwell time calculation method effectively suppresses nonlinearity introduced by the time-variant TIF in APPP.
    • This approach promotes the reliable application of APPP for generating intricate freeform surfaces.
    • The findings contribute to advancing precision manufacturing techniques using plasma processing.