Imaging in turbid water based on a Hadamard single-pixel imaging system

Area of Science:

• Optics and Photonics
• Imaging Science
• Oceanography

Background:

• Underwater imaging is difficult due to water's scattering and noise, limiting conventional optical methods.
• Traditional single-pixel imaging (SPI) shows promise but struggles in highly turbid conditions.
• Existing techniques face limitations in sensitivity, aberrations, and detector spectrum.

Purpose of the Study:

• To introduce and evaluate a Hadamard single-pixel imaging (HSI) system for enhanced underwater imaging.
• To compare HSI performance against other imaging modes in turbid water environments.
• To investigate the impact of laser power, projection rate, and water turbidity on image quality.

Main Methods:

• Development of a Hadamard single-pixel imaging (HSI) system.
• Systematic investigation of laser power, projection rate, and water turbidity effects.
• Comparative analysis of HSI against state-of-the-art SPI techniques.

Main Results:

• The proposed HSI system demonstrates superior performance in turbid water imaging.
• HSI exhibits high resolution and significant anti-scattering capabilities.
• Performance is systematically analyzed concerning varying environmental and system parameters.

Conclusions:

• Hadamard single-pixel imaging (HSI) is a highly promising technique for clear underwater imaging.
• HSI overcomes limitations of conventional optical methods and traditional SPI in challenging aquatic environments.
• The developed HSI system offers a robust solution for high-resolution, low-scattering underwater visualization.