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Compact silicon three-mode multiplexer by refractive-index manipulation on a multi-mode interferometer.

Zhen Wang, Chunhui Yao, Yong Zhang

    Optics Express
    |May 14, 2021
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    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    This study presents a compact silicon three-mode multiplexer for optical communications. The device enables scalable capacity using mode-division multiplexing with high bandwidth and low crosstalk.

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    Area of Science:

    • Photonics and Optical Communications
    • Integrated Optics
    • Semiconductor Devices

    Background:

    • Optical communications capacity is limited by current wavelength-division multiplexing.
    • Mode-division multiplexing (MDM) offers a path to scale optical network capacity.
    • Developing compact and robust MDM devices is crucial for practical implementation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To demonstrate an ultra-compact and fabrication-error tolerant silicon three-mode multiplexer.
    • To enable efficient mode conversion and multiplexing for enhanced optical interconnects.
    • To validate the performance of the proposed device in terms of footprint, bandwidth, and crosstalk.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilizing a multi-mode interferometer with shallowly etched rectangular trenches.
    • Leveraging refractive-index perturbation for mode coupling and conversion.
    • Experimental demonstration of a three-mode multiplexing device on a silicon platform.

    Main Results:

    • An ultra-compact device footprint of 2.00 × 17.05 µm² was achieved.
    • Demonstrated bandwidths exceeding 70 nm for all three channels.
    • Achieved crosstalk levels below -10 dB for the multiplexing operation.

    Conclusions:

    • The demonstrated silicon three-mode multiplexer is a promising solution for scalable optical communication.
    • The shallow etching fabrication method offers tolerance to fabrication errors, enhancing practicality.
    • The device's compact size and performance metrics pave the way for next-generation optical interconnects.