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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 5, 2025

Revised and Neuroimaging-Compatible Versions of the Dual Task Screen

Revised and Neuroimaging-Compatible Versions of the Dual Task Screen

Published on: October 5, 2020

A Gratton-like effect concerning task order in dual-task situations.

Tilo Strobach¹, Sebastian Kübler², Torsten Schubert³

¹Department of Psychology, Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany.

Acta Psychologica

|May 15, 2021

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Dual-task performance shows reduced order switch costs after experiencing a task-order switch, indicating adaptive task coordination. This adaptation, similar to the Gratton effect, suggests cognitive control adjusts to changing task demands.

Keywords:

Dual tasks Executive functions PRP Task order Task-order control

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Area of Science:

Cognitive Psychology
Neuroscience
Human Factors

Background:

Performing two tasks simultaneously (dual-tasking) requires effective processing coordination.
Varying the order of component tasks in dual-tasking situations necessitates specific task-order coordination.
Task-order switches, compared to repetitions, incur performance costs (order switch costs), but their adaptive nature is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate if task-order coordination processes adapt based on prior experience with task-order switches.
To examine the modulation of order switch costs following different preceding trial types (switch vs. repetition).

Main Methods:

Utilized a dual-task paradigm involving two sensorimotor tasks with variable task order.
Analyzed performance in trials with task-order switches and repetitions, considering the outcome of the preceding trial.
Compared order switch costs in trials following task-order switches versus trials following task-order repetitions.

Main Results:

Order switch costs were significantly reduced in trials that followed a task-order switch compared to trials that followed a task-order repetition.
This reduction in order switch costs resembles the Gratton effect observed in conflict adaptation.

Conclusions:

Task-order coordination processes are adaptive and can be modulated by recent experience, specifically by the occurrence of a task-order switch.
Findings support cognitive control theories and dual-task models, suggesting mechanisms for adjusting task-set representations based on environmental demands.