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Published on: December 6, 2016
Sleep architectural dysfunction and undiagnosed obstructive sleep apnea after chronic ischemic stroke
Elie Gottlieb1, Mohamed S Khlif1, Laura Bird1
1The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Chronic stroke patients often have undiagnosed obstructive sleep apnea and altered sleep patterns, including reduced deep sleep. Formal sleep studies are recommended post-stroke, even without reported sleep issues.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Sleep Medicine
- Cardiovascular Science
Background:
- Sleep-wake dysfunction is linked to stroke incidence and progression.
- Enduring sleep disturbances post-stroke are not well understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To characterize sleep architecture, respiratory parameters, and hemispheric sleep in chronic ischemic stroke patients.
- Compare chronic stroke patients to healthy controls.
Main Methods:
- Ambulatory polysomnography and bi-hemispheric sleep EEG were used.
- 28 ischemic stroke patients and 16 healthy controls were evaluated.
- Questionnaires assessed demographics, stroke severity, mood, and sleep-circadian rhythms.
Main Results:
- 57% of stroke patients had undiagnosed moderate-to-severe obstructive sleep apnea.
- Stroke patients showed reduced slow-wave sleep and increased NREM stages 1-2.
- A higher arousal index was observed in stroke patients compared to controls.
Conclusions:
- Undiagnosed obstructive sleep apnea and altered sleep architecture are prevalent in chronic stroke.
- Reduced slow-wave sleep and increased NREM 1-2 sleep may be compensatory.
- Sleep studies are crucial for stroke survivors, irrespective of self-reported sleep problems.
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