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Related Concept Videos

Rous Sarcoma Virus (RSV) and Cancer01:03

Rous Sarcoma Virus (RSV) and Cancer

Rous Sarcoma virus or RSV was discovered by F. Peyton Rous in the year 1911 as a filterable transmissible agent that could cause tumors in chickens. He won a Nobel Prize for this discovery in 1966. His experiments clearly demonstrated that some cancers could be caused by infectious agents and led to the discovery of many more cancer-causing viruses in animals as well as humans.
RSV is a retrovirus that contains two copies of a plus-strand  RNA genome. Its genome consists of four main open...

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SARS-CoV-2 RNA screening in routine pathology specimens.

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Detecting SARS-CoV-2 RNA in pathology specimens using RT-PCR can identify organ tropism and previously unrecognized COVID-19 cases. This method enhances surveillance and retrospective studies of the virus.

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Area of Science:

  • Pathology
  • Virology
  • Molecular Diagnostics

Background:

  • The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic highlighted the need for effective virus detection methods.
  • Limited understanding exists regarding SARS-CoV-2 organ tropism in mild or asymptomatic cases.
  • Symptom-based testing may miss infections in individuals without apparent symptoms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To validate RT-PCR for SARS-CoV-2 RNA detection in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) pathology specimens.
  • To investigate SARS-CoV-2 organ tropism in confirmed COVID-19 patients.
  • To identify unrecognized COVID-19 cases and conduct retrospective analysis using FFPE tissues.

Main Methods:

  • Validation of multiple RT-PCR protocols for SARS-CoV-2 RNA detection.
  • Application of the optimized RT-PCR protocol on FFPE specimens from various organs.
  • Testing of FFPE tissues from confirmed COVID-19 cases, a pandemic peak cohort, and pre-pandemic samples.

Main Results:

  • SARS-CoV-2 RNA was detected in seven confirmed COVID-19 patient samples, including gastric, small bowel, colon, lung, and pleural tissues.
  • One previously unrecognized COVID-19 case was identified in tonsillectomy samples from the pandemic peak cohort.
  • All tested pre-pandemic lung samples were negative for SARS-CoV-2 RNA.

Conclusions:

  • RT-PCR detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in FFPE pathology specimens is a viable method for surveillance.
  • This approach aids in understanding SARS-CoV-2 organ tropism and its effects.
  • FFPE specimen analysis enables retrospective studies and identification of missed COVID-19 cases.