[Significance of platelets in inflammatory and thrombotic reactions in the elderly.]

A M Osadchuk1, I L Davydkin1, I A Zolotovskaia1

  • 1Samara State Medical University, 89 Chapaevskaya str., Samara 443099, Russian Federation,

Insights

Aging platelets contribute to dangerous blood clots in elderly patients with cardiovascular disease and COVID-19. Understanding platelet aging and aggregation is key for early antiplatelet therapy.

Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Hematology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Thrombotic reactions are a significant concern in the elderly, particularly with cardiovascular diseases.
  • New data is emerging on hemostatic system changes, including platelet and plasma levels, in patients with COVID-19.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review pathophysiological platelet reactions during aging.
  • To explore mechanisms of pathological platelet aggregation.
  • To inform discussions on early antiplatelet therapy for cardiovascular diseases and COVID-19.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of fundamental and clinical data.
  • Synthesis of information on platelet aging and aggregation.
  • Analysis of hemostatic system changes in COVID-19 patients.

Main Results:

  • Platelet aging is associated with thrombotic reactions.
  • Pathological aggregation mechanisms in aging platelets are being elucidated.
  • COVID-19 impacts the hemostatic system, involving platelets.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding platelet aging and aggregation is crucial for managing thrombotic risks.
  • Early antiplatelet therapy may be beneficial for cardiovascular patients and those with COVID-19.
  • Further research is needed to fully understand platelet roles in COVID-19 and aging.

Related Concept Videos

Inflammation01:38

Inflammation

Overview
56.9K
Formation of the Platelet Plug01:22

Formation of the Platelet Plug

The platelet phase, the second stage of hemostasis, commences around 15-20 seconds after an injury. It follows and overlaps with the vascular phase, during which blood vessels constrict to minimize blood loss.
As the injured blood vessel contracts, endothelial cells undergo contraction, revealing collagen fibers in the basement membrane and underlying connective tissue. Furthermore, the plasma membrane of endothelial cells becomes adhesive, preparing the site for platelet adhesion. Platelets...
7.9K
Structure and Function of Platelets01:18

Structure and Function of Platelets

The cell fragments known as platelets are disc-shaped, with an average diameter of about 3 μm and a thickness of roughly 1 μm. They play a crucial role in the body's vascular clotting system, which also involves plasma proteins, blood cells, and blood vessel tissues.
Platelets are continually replenished, circulating in the bloodstream for 9-12 days before being removed by phagocytes, primarily in the spleen. A microliter of circulating blood contains between 150,000 and 450,000...
2.3K
Antiplatelet Drugs: Prostaglandin Synthesis, P2Y12 and Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa Inhibitors01:20

Antiplatelet Drugs: Prostaglandin Synthesis, P2Y12 and Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa Inhibitors

Antiplatelet drugs emerge as frontline defenders against the insidious threat of thromboembolic diseases, where abnormal clots obstruct vital blood vessels. These drugs stand as bulwarks, inhibiting platelet aggregation and clot formation, thereby mitigating the risk of life-threatening conditions like myocardial infarction, coronary artery disease, and thrombotic strokes.
Prostaglandin synthesis inhibitors, exemplified by the widely known aspirin, wield their power by irreversibly acetylating...
803
Anticoagulant Drugs: Low-Molecular-Weight Heparins01:30

Anticoagulant Drugs: Low-Molecular-Weight Heparins

Hemostasis is a crucial process that prevents excessive blood loss from damaged blood vessels. It involves various mechanisms such as vasoconstriction, platelet adhesion and activation, and fibrin formation. The importance of each mechanism depends on the type of vessel injury. In contrast, thrombosis is the abnormal formation of a blood clot within the blood vessels, leading to potential complications if the clot obstructs blood flow. Thrombosis can be caused by increased coagulability of the...
1.2K
Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age01:27

Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age

Age-related pharmacokinetic changes are extensively documented, but understanding age-related pharmacodynamic alterations is relatively limited. This knowledge gap can be partly attributed to the complexity of developing appropriate measures of drug responses compared to bioanalytical methods for determining drug concentrations.Most information regarding age-related differences in human pharmacodynamics originates from cross-sectional studies. However, these studies assume that observed mean...
58