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Capnocytophaga canimorsus meningitis diagnosed using next- generation sequencing of microbial cell-free DNA

Abuzar A Asif1, Moni Roy1, Benjamin R Tellier2

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Peoria, OSF Saint Francis Medical Center, 530 NE Glen Oak Ave, Peoria, IL 61637, USA.

Idcases
|May 17, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Capnocytophaga canimorsus meningitis, often from animal bites, can be diagnosed with next-generation sequencing of cell-free DNA (NGS cfDNA). This technique proved crucial for a rare immunocompetent patient when other tests failed.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Neurology
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Capnocytophaga canimorsus meningitis is typically linked to animal bites and primarily affects immunocompromised individuals.
  • Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis is the initial diagnostic step, but conventional cultures can be negative.
  • Molecular methods like 16S rRNA gene sequencing offer alternatives when standard cultures are uninformative.

Observation:

  • A rare case of Capnocytophaga canimorsus meningitis occurred in an immunocompetent host.
  • Standard diagnostic methods, including CSF culture, were exhausted without a definitive diagnosis.
  • Next-generation sequencing of cell-free DNA (NGS cfDNA) was employed as a final diagnostic measure.

Findings:

  • NGS cfDNA successfully identified Capnocytophaga canimorsus as the causative agent.
  • This molecular technique provided a rapid and accurate diagnosis.
  • The case demonstrated the effectiveness of NGS cfDNA in challenging meningitis cases.

Implications:

  • NGS cfDNA is a valuable tool for diagnosing rare or difficult-to-detect meningitis cases.
  • This technology can expedite diagnosis when conventional methods are insufficient.
  • The findings support the broader application of NGS cfDNA in clinical microbiology and infectious disease diagnostics.
Keywords:
Capnocytophaga canimorsusDog biteImmunocompetentImmunocompromisedMeningitisMetagenomic NGSNext generation sequencing of cell free DNA

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