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Rapidly dividing tumors, embryos, and wounded tissues require more oxygen than usual, lowering the oxygen concentration in the blood. At low oxygen or hypoxic conditions, an oxygen-sensitive transcription factor called the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 or HIF1 is activated. HIF1 is a dimeric protein of alpha (ɑ) and beta (β) subunits.  Under optimal oxygen conditions, HIF1β is present in the nucleus while HIF1ɑ remains in the cytosol. HIF1ɑ is hydroxylated by prolyl...
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The process of blood cell formation is called hematopoiesis. Hematopoiesis starts early during development, on the seventh day of embryogenesis. This phase of hematopoiesis is called the primitive wave, wherein the extraembryonic yolk sac allows the production of erythroid cells and endothelial cells from a common precursor called hemangioblast. The erythroid cells provide oxygen to support the growth of the rapidly dividing embryo. Hemangioblasts later develop into hematopoietic stem cells or...
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Bone marrow transplant is a potential cure for several diseases, including cancer and specific genetic disorders. Notably, this procedure is applicable for patients suffering from aplastic anemia, certain types of leukemia, severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID), Hodgkin's disease, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, multiple myeloma, thalassemia, sickle-cell disease, and certain cancers.
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Author Spotlight: Simple Establishment of a Vascularized Osteogenic Bone Marrow Niche Using Pre-Cast Poly(Ethylene Glycol) (PEG) Hydrogels in an Imaging Microplate
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Author Spotlight: Simple Establishment of a Vascularized Osteogenic Bone Marrow Niche Using Pre-Cast Poly(Ethylene Glycol) (PEG) Hydrogels in an Imaging Microplate

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Bioengineering the Bone Marrow Vascular Niche.

Thomas Bessy1, Tomer Itkin2, Diana Passaro1

  • 1Leukemia and Niche Dynamics Laboratory, Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Paris, France.

Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology
|May 17, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Bioengineering bone marrow (BM) tissues aims to replicate native hematopoiesis. This review focuses on integrating vascular systems into bioengineered BM niches for therapeutic applications.

Keywords:
bioengineeringbioprintingbone marrowendothelial cellsmanufacturingmicrofluidicsorganoidvascular niche

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Hematology
  • Tissue Engineering

Background:

  • Bone marrow (BM) is the primary site for adult hematopoiesis.
  • Recent advances have detailed BM's cellular and structural components at high resolution.
  • Bioengineering BM-like structures to support hematopoiesis is becoming feasible.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review BM tissue bioengineering, emphasizing vascular system integration.
  • To explore applicable in vitro and in vivo models for BM bioengineering.
  • To discuss challenges and clinical perspectives of vascularized BM grafts.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on BM tissue bioengineering.
  • Focus on experimental systems utilizing mesenchymal stem cells.
  • Analysis of vascular endothelial cell roles in hematopoiesis.

Main Results:

  • Experimental systems demonstrate the feasibility of bioengineering BM tissues.
  • Vascular components are crucial for BM tissue development and hematopoiesis regulation.
  • Both in vitro and in vivo models are being developed.

Conclusions:

  • Vascular integration is key for successful BM tissue bioengineering.
  • Further research is needed to address challenges in the field.
  • Clinical translation of vascularized BM grafts holds promise for supporting hematopoiesis.