Bronchiectasis-Could Immunonutrition Have a Role to Play in Future Management?

Area of Science:

• Pulmonology and Infectious Diseases
• Immunology and Nutrition Science

Background:

• Bronchiectasis is a chronic lung disease characterized by irreversible bronchial widening, increasing susceptibility to infections.
• It disproportionately affects individuals over 75 and is more severe in females, despite higher prevalence in males.
• The rising incidence and complex etiology, involving immune compromise, highlight the need for updated research.

Purpose of the Study:

• To provide a comprehensive overview of current research on bronchiectasis.
• To identify knowledge gaps in the understanding and management of bronchiectasis.
• To guide future research directions and investment in the field.

Main Methods:

• This mini-review synthesizes existing literature on bronchiectasis.
• It focuses on the roles of malnutrition, vitamin D, zinc, and the lung microbiome.
• The review examines the interplay between these factors and immune function in bronchiectasis.

Main Results:

• The review highlights the increasing prevalence and age-associated nature of bronchiectasis.
• It underscores the central role of a compromised immune system in disease pathology.
• Emerging research indicates potential therapeutic targets in nutrition and the lung microbiome.

Conclusions:

• A deeper understanding of bronchiectasis requires further investigation into nutritional status and immune function.
• The lung microbiome represents a promising area for future therapeutic strategies.
• Continued research is crucial for improving outcomes in patients with bronchiectasis.