Polyphenols and Cardiovascular Health: Emerging Relevance for Blueberries, Grapes, and Red-Fleshed Table Grapes

Background/Objectives: This review aimed to provide an updated synthesis of the evidence on the effects(s) of grapes, blueberries, and their constituent bioactives on cardiovascular health. Cardiovascular disease remains one of the most prevalent non-communicable diseases globally. Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted using PubMed, Science Direct, and Semantic Scholar. Eligible publications were restricted to studies published since 2015 focusing on grapes, blueberries, and related bioactives. A total of 37 studies were included (17 meta-analyses/systematic reviews and 20 randomised controlled trials). Compositional data on polyphenols, anthocyanins, and stilbenes (including resveratrol) from a new hybrid variety of red-fleshed table grape were also discussed in context. Results: The evidence indicates that grape- and blueberry-derived bioactives, particularly polyphenols and resveratrol, produce modest but consistent improvements in cardiovascular risk markers, particularly endothelial function. Effects were more pronounced in higher-quality trials and in metabolically at-risk populations. Certain varieties, including red-fleshed table grapes (red berry grapes), may represent effective dietary sources of these bioactives. Conclusions: Cardiovascular disease remains a common public health challenge. Increasing attention is being given to dietary and lifestyle strategies for its prevention and management. Within this context, and alongside existing recommendations to increase fruit and vegetable intake, there is scope for more specific guidance emphasising the consumption of dark-pigmented grapes, berries, and red-fleshed table grapes abundant in bioactives such as polyphenols.