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Risk factors and comorbidities associated with severe aortic stenosis: A case-control study
J M Gracia Baena1, I Calaf Vall2, M Zielonka2
1Servei de Cirurgia Cardíaca d'Adults, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain; Unitat d'Epidemiologia Aplicada, Departament de Cirurgia, Universitat de Lleida, Lleida, Spain.
Revista Clinica Espanola
|May 17, 2021
Summary
Cardiovascular risk factors like high cholesterol, smoking, and hypertension, along with comorbidities such as carotid stenosis and stroke, significantly increase the risk of severe aortic stricture in older adults.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular epidemiology
- Geriatric medicine
- Public health
Background:
- Aortic stricture (AS) is a prevalent cardiovascular disease in individuals aged 65 and older.
- Epidemiological studies suggest associations between cardiovascular risk factors (CRFs) and comorbidities with AS.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the association between CRFs and comorbidities and severe symptomatic AS.
- Focus on individuals aged 65 or older within a Spanish healthcare region.
Main Methods:
- Case-control epidemiological study design.
- Data collected from a single primary care center.
- Adjusted odds ratios (OR) and multiple logistic regression models used for analysis.
Main Results:
- Significant CRFs for severe symptomatic AS included hypercholesterolemia (OR, 2.67), tobacco use (OR, 2.60), hypertension (OR, 2.41), and low HDL cholesterol (OR, 2.20).
- Significant comorbidities associated with severe symptomatic AS were carotid stenosis (OR, 14.5), stroke (OR, 4.14), chronic renal failure (OR, 3.78), and low hemoglobin levels (OR, 0.76).
Conclusions:
- Hypercholesterolemia, tobacco use, arterial hypertension, and low HDL cholesterol are key CRFs elevating the risk of severe AS.
- Comorbidities such as chronic renal failure, stroke, carotid stenosis, and low hemoglobin levels are associated with AS and may serve as potential markers.
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