Related Experiment Video
Updated: Nov 5, 2025
Cutoff Value of Phase Angle by Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis at Admission as a Prognostic Factor in Patients with Acute Heart Failure
Published on: June 10, 2025
Predictive value of within-visit and visit-to-visit blood pressure variability for all-cause mortality: the Minhang
Enheng Cai1, Ling Chen2, Yajuan Wang
1Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Research Center for Hypertension Management and Prevention in Community, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine.
Insights
High blood pressure variability, both within and between visits, is linked to increased all-cause mortality risk. Stable blood pressure is crucial for effective hypertension management and improved patient outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Blood pressure variability is common.
- The link between blood pressure variability and mortality is not fully understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between within-visit and visit-to-visit blood pressure variability and all-cause mortality.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of 11,721 adults with blood pressure measurements over 6 months.
- Quantified variability using standard deviation and max-min difference.
- Evaluated mortality risk using Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox regression.
Main Results:
- Higher all-cause mortality in individuals with the highest blood pressure variability.
- Visit-to-visit variability and sustained high within-visit variability were significant predictors of mortality.
- Mortality risk increased by 48-61% in the highest variability groups.
Conclusions:
- Visit-to-visit and sustained high within-visit blood pressure variability are significant prognostic factors for all-cause mortality.
- Emphasizes the clinical importance of stable blood pressure in hypertension management.
Background:
Blood pressure variability is a common physiological phenomenon; however, the association between within-visit and visit-to-visit variability in blood pressure and all-cause mortality remains uncertain.
Methods:
We conducted a retrospective analysis of blood pressure variability among 11 721 adults who underwent blood pressure measurement on three occasions within a period of 6 months. Within-visit and visit-to-visit variability was quantified using the standard deviation and maximum--minimum difference between measures. The predictive effect of this variability on all-cause mortality was evaluated using Kaplan--Meier survival curves and Cox regression analysis.
Results:
The incidence of all-cause mortality was significantly higher for participants in the top quintile of within-visit and visit-to-visit blood pressure variability and for those with sustained high within-visit variability. Within-visit variability was not retained as a risk factor after adjustment in Cox regression models. The hazard ratio for mortality increased from 48 to 55% for the top quintile of visit-to-visit blood pressure variability and from 56 to 61% for sustained high within-visit variability. The risk of mortality remained statistically higher even if visit-to-visit blood pressure variability was added to the model, including consistency of within-visit blood pressure variability and vice versa.
Conclusion:
Visit-to-visit and sustained high within-visit blood pressure variability were significant positive prognostic factors for all-cause mortality. Our findings underlined the clinical significance of achieving stable blood pressure in an effective plan of hypertension management.
Related Concept Videos
01:25Errors occurring during blood pressure monitoring
Several factors...
01:11Variability: Analysis
The range is a simple measure of variability, indicating the difference between the highest and...
01:23Assessment of blood pressure in brachial artery(two-step method)
01:10Pre-Procedural Guidelines for Assessing Blood Pressure
01:28Factors affecting Blood pressure
Physiological Factors:
01:17Measurement of Blood Pressure