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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 5, 2025

Single-cell Transcriptomic Analyses of Mouse Pancreatic Endocrine Cells
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Single-cell Transcriptomic Analyses of Mouse Pancreatic Endocrine Cells

Published on: September 30, 2018

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Islet β-cells physiological difference study of old and young mice based on single-cell transcriptomics.

Zeyu Zheng1, Qiufeng Zhan1, Ayun Chen1

  • 1Provincial Clinical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.

Journal of Diabetes Investigation
|May 18, 2021
PubMed
Summary

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Cellular senescence in pancreatic beta-cells was investigated. Aging alters gene expression in these cells, with specific transcription factors regulating senescence, offering new research avenues for pancreatic aging.

Area of Science:

  • Cellular and Molecular Biology
  • Aging Research
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Cellular senescence is a hallmark of aging, characterized by reduced proliferation but preserved function.
  • Pancreatic beta-cells, crucial for glucose homeostasis, also undergo aging, yet their specific senescence phenotype remains poorly understood.
  • Investigating age-related changes in beta-cells is vital for understanding metabolic health decline.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the physiological senescence of pancreatic beta-cells in aged mice.
  • To identify gene expression and functional changes associated with beta-cell aging.
  • To explore the role of transcription factors in pancreatic beta-cell senescence.

Main Methods:

  • Single-cell RNA sequencing (10x Genomics) was performed on pancreatic beta-cells from young (2.5 months) and old (20 months) C57BL/6 mice.
Keywords:
Pancreas agingScRNA-seqβ-Cells

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  • Biosynthesis analysis was used to identify beta-cells.
  • Differential gene expression analysis was conducted to compare aged and young beta-cells.

    • Main Results:

    • A total of 47 differentially expressed genes were identified in aged beta-cells (fold change >1.5, P < 0.05).
    • 27 genes were upregulated and 20 were downregulated in old mice.
    • Key genes involved in cellular senescence, including metallothioneins (Mt1, Mt2) and mitochondrial genes, were identified. Transcription factors Jund and Fos emerged as critical regulators.

    Conclusions:

    • Significant differences exist in the transcriptome of pancreatic beta-cells between young and old mice.
    • Specific genes and transcription factors play crucial roles in the aging process of pancreatic beta-cells.
    • These findings provide novel insights and resources for future research into pancreatic aging.