The demise of primary profundaplasty

Although the importance of the profunda femoris artery in maintenance of lower extremity integrity was recognized in the earliest days of modern vascular surgery, disappointment with the performance of primary profundaplasty has emerged fully only in recent years. During the 10 year period from 1977 to 1987, only 17 patients were subjected to this procedure at Northwestern Memorial Hospital. The nine men and eight women averaged 65.6 years in age and exhibited the usual precursors of arterial insufficiency: a history of smoking in 12 patients (71 percent), clinical coronary artery disease in 8 patients (47 percent), hypertension in 7 patients, diabetes mellitus in 6 patients, hyperlipidemia in 2 patients, and uremia in 1 patient. Four patients exhibited hemodynamic improvement after profundaplasty (ankle-brachial index increase of greater than 0.15). Four required amputation postoperatively, and a fifth exhibited hemodynamic failure 9 months postoperatively and required amputation. Two patients required subsequent femoral-to-peroneal bypass to improve distal arterial perfusion. One patient died after the procedure, for a 5.9 percent mortality rate. Thus, the fact that profundaplasty has proved disappointing in the treatment of severe arterial insufficiency deserves emphasis at this time.