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Cyanobacteria are a diverse group of oxygenic, phototrophic bacteria that played a pivotal role in converting Earth’s atmosphere from anoxic to oxygen-rich billions of years ago. They exhibit remarkable morphological diversity, ranging from unicellular forms to filamentous types, with cell sizes varying between 0.5 μm and 100 μm. Cyanobacteria are classified into five groups: Chroococcales (unicellular, dividing by binary fission), Pleurocapsales (unicellular, dividing by...
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Bacterial Predation on Cyanobacteria.

Antje Bauer1, Karl Forchhammer1

  • 1Interfaculty Institute of Microbiology and Infection Medicine, Eberhard Karls Universität, Tübingen, Germany.

Microbial Physiology
|May 19, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Predatory bacteria, including Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus and Myxococcus xanthus, prey on cyanobacteria using diverse strategies. New research explores these interactions and identifies novel bacterial predators.

Keywords:
BacteriaCyanobacteriaPredationPredatory bacteriaSurvival strategies

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Bacteriology
  • Cyanobacterial Research

Background:

  • Predatory bacteria are increasingly recognized for their ecological roles.
  • Few predatory bacterial species, such as Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus and Myxococcus xanthus, are well-characterized.
  • Both known predators exhibit distinct hunting strategies and can prey on cyanobacteria.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review findings on predatory bacteria of cyanobacteria over the past 20 years.
  • To present new results from a screening experiment identifying predators of Anabaena variabilis PCC 7937.
  • To analyze predation mechanisms, bacterial characteristics, and environmental factors like nitrate levels.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of predatory bacteria and cyanobacteria interactions.
  • Screening experiment to isolate and identify novel bacterial predators of Anabaena variabilis PCC 7937.
  • Clustering of isolates based on predation behavior and size analysis.

Main Results:

  • Predatory bacteria of cyanobacteria identified belong to Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Firmicutes phyla.
  • Diverse hunting strategies are employed by these bacteria, though mechanisms remain largely unknown.
  • Screening identified new isolates, with analysis focusing on predation behavior, size, and impact on heterocyst formation under varying nitrate conditions.

Conclusions:

  • The diversity of predatory bacteria targeting cyanobacteria is significant, encompassing various phyla and strategies.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate the detailed mechanisms of bacterial predation on cyanobacteria.
  • Environmental factors, such as nitrate availability, may influence the dynamics of predatory interactions and cyanobacterial responses.