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Human Circadian Phenotyping and Diurnal Performance Testing in the Real World
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Circadian preference and intelligence - an updated meta-analysis.

Péter P Ujma1,2, Vsevolod Scherrer3

  • 1Semmelweis University, Institute of Behavioural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary.

Chronobiology International
|May 21, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Circadian preference shows no overall link to intelligence. However, this correlation significantly changes with age, becoming negative in adulthood, suggesting social factors influence the morningness-intelligence relationship.

Keywords:
Circadian preferenceIQchronotypecognitive abilitymeta-analysis

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Area of Science:

  • Chronobiology
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Psychometrics

Background:

  • Previous research indicates a mixed relationship between circadian preference (morningness/eveningness) and psychometric intelligence.
  • Existing meta-analyses have yielded inconsistent results, necessitating updated analyses with larger datasets.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To update a prior meta-analysis on the correlation between circadian preference and intelligence.
  • To investigate the moderating effect of age on this relationship.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive literature search was conducted to identify relevant studies.
  • A meta-analysis was performed on 30 studies involving 11,160 participants across a wide age range.
  • Statistical analyses examined the overall correlation and age-related moderation.

Main Results:

  • No significant overall correlation was found between morningness and intelligence (r = -0.008).
  • A significant age-moderating effect was observed (R² = 54%), with the correlation shifting from non-significant in youth to significantly negative in adulthood.
  • Eveningness showed a weak positive correlation with intelligence (r = 0.056) in a more restricted age sample.

Conclusions:

  • The overall lack of a morningness-intelligence link masks a significant age-dependent relationship.
  • Social factors may explain why more intelligent individuals adapt their schedules to their circadian rhythms as they age.