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Histoplasmosis

Ana Belén Araúz1, Padmasayee Papineni2

  • 1Department of Infectious Diseases, Pasteur Suite, Ealing Hospital, London North West University Healthcare NHS Trust, Uxbridge Road, London, UB1 3HW, UK; Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital Santo Tomas, Avenida Balboa, Panama City, Panama.

Infectious Disease Clinics of North America
|May 21, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Histoplasmosis, a common fungal infection in the Americas, is frequently underdiagnosed. This review covers its epidemiology, clinical forms, diagnosis, treatment, and management challenges, especially in HIV patients in Latin America.

Area of Science:

  • Mycology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Histoplasmosis is a prevalent endemic mycosis in the Americas.
  • It is often underdiagnosed and overlooked as a public health concern.
  • Understanding its epidemiology and clinical impact is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding of histoplasmosis epidemiology.
  • To outline updated diagnostic and treatment guidelines.
  • To address challenges in histoplasmosis management, particularly in Latin America and for advanced HIV patients.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of histoplasmosis epidemiology.
  • Synthesis of current diagnostic and treatment guidelines.
  • Expert consensus on management strategies in Latin America.

Main Results:

  • Histoplasmosis presents diverse clinical syndromes.
  • Updated diagnostic tools and treatment protocols are available.
  • Specific challenges exist for managing histoplasmosis in Latin America and in HIV-infected individuals.

Conclusions:

  • Improved diagnosis and management are needed for histoplasmosis.
  • Addressing regional challenges, especially in Latin America, is essential.
  • Focusing on high-risk populations like advanced HIV patients is critical for public health.
Keywords:
AntigenDisseminatedHIVHistoplasmaHistoplasmosisPulmonarySerology

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