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Effects of Surgical Masks on Cardiopulmonary Function in Healthy Subjects
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Collectivism predicts mask use during COVID-19.

Jackson G Lu1, Peter Jin2, Alexander S English3,4

  • 1Sloan School of Management, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142; lu18@mit.edu AEnglish@zju.edu.cn.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|May 21, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Collectivism, a cultural value emphasizing group harmony, positively predicts higher mask usage during the COVID-19 pandemic. This finding holds true across the United States and globally, offering insights into pandemic response.

Keywords:
COVID-19collectivismcultureindividualismmask

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Area of Science:

  • Social Psychology
  • Cultural Psychology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • COVID-19 pandemic demonstrated significant regional variations in disease containment.
  • Understanding factors influencing public health behaviors, such as mask usage, is crucial for pandemic response.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of cultural values, specifically collectivism versus individualism, in predicting mask usage during the COVID-19 pandemic.
  • To examine the cross-cultural generalizability of the relationship between collectivism and mask-wearing behaviors.

Main Methods:

  • Four large-scale studies were conducted using diverse datasets, including county-level data in the US and individual-level data from the US and multiple countries.
  • Statistical analyses examined the correlation between collectivism scores and reported mask usage, controlling for various demographic, socioeconomic, and governmental factors.

Main Results:

  • Collectivism was consistently and positively associated with higher rates of mask usage across all four studies.
  • The association between collectivism and mask usage remained significant even after controlling for numerous confounding variables.
  • Findings were robust across different geographical scales (US counties, US states, and diverse countries).

Conclusions:

  • Cultural orientation, particularly collectivism, plays a significant role in shaping public health behaviors during global crises like the COVID-19 pandemic.
  • These findings highlight the importance of considering cultural context in designing and implementing public health interventions.
  • Understanding cultural drivers of behavior can improve preparedness for future pandemics and global health challenges.