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Factors influencing Helicobacter Pylori positivity in children
E Y Erturk1, U Karaman2, Y K Arici3
1Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Ordu University, Ordu, Turkey.
Insights
Adolescent age and higher education levels are significant risk factors for Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection in children. H. pylori positivity is also linked to growth retardation, warranting consideration in pediatric evaluations.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Gastroenterology
- Infectious Diseases
- Microbiology
Background:
- Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is globally prevalent, yet factors influencing its acquisition and prevalence remain unclear.
- Understanding these factors is crucial for effective prevention and treatment strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify demographic and clinical factors associated with H. pylori positivity in children presenting with gastrointestinal complaints.
- To assess the relationship between H. pylori infection and other pediatric health indicators.
Main Methods:
- A cohort of 374 children with gastrointestinal issues was analyzed.
- Fecal samples were tested for H. pylori and parasite presence.
- Chi-square and binary logistic regression analyses were employed to determine risk factors.
Main Results:
- The incidence of H. pylori positivity was 18.7%.
- H. pylori positivity was significantly associated with older age groups (11-18 years) and higher educational levels (middle school and above).
- Children with H. pylori infection exhibited a higher prevalence of growth retardation.
Conclusions:
- Adolescent age and higher educational attainment are identified as significant risk factors for H. pylori infection in children.
- The strong association with growth retardation suggests H. pylori should be considered in the diagnostic workup of growth-impaired children.
- Further research is needed to elucidate other potential factors influencing H. pylori acquisition.
Background:
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a common bacteria all over the world. The factors influencing the acquisition and prevalence of H. pylori infection are still poorly understood.
Aims:
The aim of this study was to determine the factors that may affect H. pylori positivity in patients who presented to the pediatric clinic.
Subjects And Methods:
The study included 374 children who attended the pediatric clinic with gastrointestinal complaints. The demographic characteristics of patients were recorded, and fecal samples were examined for H. pylori positivity with a prepared kit procedure. In addition, the samples were examined under microscope for the diagnosis of parasites in stool. The Chi-square analysis and binary logistic regression analysis were used for data analysis. The odds ratio was calculated as an estimate of the relative risk. Results: The study found the incidence of H. pylori positivity to be 18.7%. It was observed that in all H. pylori positive patients had growth retardation. H. pylori positivity had no significant relationship with the presence of parasites in the stool (p = 0.113). The results of the Chi-square test showed that H. pylori positivity was significantly changed age groups and educational levels. Logistic regression analysis showed that "age" and "educational status" are significant predictors of H. pylori positivity (p = 0.023 and 0.017, respectively). The risk of H. pylori positivity in the 11-18 age group patients was found about two times (OR: 2.024) higher than in the 6-10 age group patients. The risk of H. pylori positivity in those with education level of "Middle school and above" were found to be twice as high (OR: 2.126) than those with a primary education level (OR: 2.126).
Conclusion:
In this study, adolescent age and middle school and above level were found to be risk factors for H. pylori. This suggests that there may be other conditions influencing H. pylori positivity. Also, since the frequency of H. pylori is high in those with growth retardation, H. pylori should be considered when evaluating children with growth retardation.
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