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Pediatric Musculoskeletal Trauma: Upper Limb
Ricardo Restrepo1, Luisa Fernanda Cervantes1, David Zahrah2
1Department of Radiology, Nicklaus Children's Hospital, Miami, Florida.
Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology
|May 21, 2021
Summary
This article reviews pediatric upper extremity injuries, focusing on imaging challenges due to evolving skeletal development. It provides a framework for diagnosing acute and chronic overuse injuries in children.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Radiology
- Orthopedic Surgery
- Sports Medicine
Background:
- Pediatric upper extremity injuries, both acute and chronic from overuse, are frequent clinical encounters.
- Interpreting imaging in children is complex due to dynamic skeletal maturation and diverse pathologies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To discuss normal skeletal development and injury pathomechanics in pediatric patients.
- To outline an imaging framework for pediatric upper extremity injuries.
- To emphasize acute and chronic injuries of the shoulder, elbow, forearm, and wrist.
Main Methods:
- Review of normal pediatric skeletal development.
- Analysis of pathomechanics in pediatric skeletal injuries.
- Framework for imaging interpretation of pediatric upper extremity.
Main Results:
- Understanding normal development is crucial for identifying abnormalities.
- Specific imaging approaches aid in diagnosing overuse and acute injuries.
- Pathology varies across different upper extremity segments.
Conclusions:
- Accurate diagnosis of pediatric upper extremity injuries requires knowledge of normal development and injury mechanisms.
- A structured imaging approach improves diagnostic confidence.
- This review provides a guide for clinicians managing these common pediatric conditions.
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