[Influence of coronavirus disease 2019 on the nervous system of children]

Area of Science:

• Pediatric Neurology
• Infectious Diseases
• Neuroscience

Background:

• Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a global pandemic affecting all age groups, including children.
• Neurological symptoms are increasingly reported in pediatric COVID-19 cases, highlighting the need to understand associated neurological damage.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the mechanisms of COVID-19-associated neurological damage in children.
• To categorize the types of neurological damage observed in pediatric COVID-19 patients.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of studies on COVID-19 and neurological manifestations in children.
• Synthesis of information regarding proposed pathophysiological pathways.
• Classification of reported neurological conditions.

Main Results:

• COVID-19 can lead to a range of neurological symptoms in children.
• Potential mechanisms include direct viral invasion, immune-mediated responses, and cerebrovascular events.
• Reported neurological conditions vary, emphasizing the systemic impact of SARS-CoV-2.

Conclusions:

• Understanding the neurological impact of COVID-19 in children is crucial.
• Further research is needed to elucidate specific mechanisms and long-term consequences.
• This review provides a framework for recognizing and managing neurological complications in pediatric COVID-19.