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Infant body composition assessment in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) using air displacement plethysmography:

Zaineh Alja'nini1, Kera Michelle McNelis2, Sreekanth Viswanathan3

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, MetroHealth Medical Center Affiliated with Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.

Clinical Nutrition ESPEN
|May 24, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Body composition monitoring using air displacement plethysmography (ADP) in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) can improve infant nutrition. This method helps track fat and fat-free mass, impacting clinical outcomes and guiding nutritional management.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal intensive care
  • Pediatric nutrition
  • Body composition analysis

Background:

  • Nutritional management is crucial for infant care in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).
  • Understanding infant growth and nutritional needs is enhanced by research on body composition, specifically fat and fat-free mass.
  • Early growth-related changes in fat and fat-free mass can impact clinical outcomes, highlighting the need for monitoring.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the implementation of body composition measurement using air displacement plethysmography (ADP) in routine clinical care within NICU settings.
  • To evaluate the integration of ADP as a noninvasive method for assessing infant body composition.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized air displacement plethysmography (ADP) for noninvasive assessment of infant body composition.
  • Leveraged published normative gestational age- and sex-specific body composition curves.
  • Implemented ADP in routine clinical care across various NICU settings.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated the feasibility of integrating ADP for body composition measurement in NICU settings.
  • Provided insights into infant growth patterns through fat and fat-free mass analysis.
  • Facilitated improved understanding of nutritional requirements based on body composition data.

Conclusions:

  • Air displacement plethysmography (ADP) is a viable and justifiable innovation for routine clinical care in NICUs.
  • Body composition monitoring using ADP can enhance nutritional management and potentially improve clinical outcomes for infants.
  • The implementation experiences provide a foundation for wider adoption of ADP in neonatal care.

Keywords:
Air displacement plethysmographyBody compositionNeonatesNutritional assessment

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