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The clinical characteristics of primary headache and associated factors in children: A retrospective descriptive
Miral Al Momani1, Basima A Almomani2, Amira T Masri3
1Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Irbid, Jordan.
Insights
Primary headaches are common in children, with migraine being the most frequent type. Low vitamin D levels and family history are significantly linked to pediatric headaches.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Neurology
- Clinical Epidemiology
- Pain Management
Background:
- Headache is a prevalent pain manifestation in childhood.
- Primary headaches represent a significant clinical challenge in pediatric populations.
- Understanding the incidence and characteristics of pediatric headaches is crucial for effective management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the incidence and clinical features of primary headaches in children and adolescents.
- To identify factors associated with the occurrence of primary headaches in a pediatric cohort.
- To investigate the clinical presentation and potential risk factors for primary headaches in young individuals.
Main Methods:
- A retrospective study was conducted over three years at a tertiary referral teaching hospital in North Jordan.
- Patient data were collected by reviewing medical records of children and adolescents presenting with headaches.
- The study analyzed demographic information, headache characteristics, and associated clinical findings.
Main Results:
- The incidence of primary headache was 2.815 per 1000 pediatric clinic visits.
- Migraine was the most common type (44.8%), followed by tension-type headaches (8.7%).
- Abnormal serum vitamin D levels and a family history of headache were significantly associated with primary headaches (p < 0.001).
Conclusions:
- Early detection and management of pediatric headaches are essential.
- Screening for vitamin D deficiency should be considered in children with primary headaches.
- Identifying associated factors like family history can aid in understanding and managing pediatric headaches.
Background:
Headache is the most encountered manifestation of pain in childhood. The purpose of this study was to investigate the incidence and clinical characteristics of primary headaches. Further, the factors associated with primary headache were examined.
Materials And Methods:
A retrospective study was conducted among young children and adolescents over 3 years at a tertiary referral teaching hospital in North Jordan. Relevant patient information was obtained by reviewing patients' medical records.
Results:
This study included 194 children (95 males, 99 females). The incidence rate of primary headache in the current study was 2.815 per 1000 children visited pediatric clinic. The mean age of patients at the time of headache onset was 10 years, and about half of them were males (95/194; 49%). Approximately 30% (56/194) had a family history of headache. Migraine headaches were the most commonly reported types (87/194; 44.8%) and only 17/194; 8.7% suffered from tension type headaches. Approximately, 40% (84/194) of patients reported severe headache and a third of them (67/194; 34.5%) complained of daily headaches. Pain location was reported as bilateral in most patients (153/194; 78.9%). About one fifth (41/194; 21.1%) stated that their headache was precipitated by sleep deprivation. Abnormal serum level of vitamin D and family history of headache were significantly associated with primary headache (p < 0.001).
Conclusions:
These findings highlight the importance of early detection and management of headaches among pediatric population. In addition, screening vitamin D status should be encouraged for children presented with primary headaches.
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