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Reliability and validity are two important considerations that must be made with any type of data collection. Reliability refers to the ability to consistently produce a given result. In the context of psychological research, this would mean that any instruments or tools used to collect data do so in consistent, reproducible ways.
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Reliability, construct and concurrent validity of a smartphone-based cognition test in multiple sclerosis.

K H Lam1, P van Oirschot2, B den Teuling2

  • 1Department of Neurology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

Multiple Sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England)
|May 26, 2021
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Smartphone Symbol Digit Modalities Test (sSDMT) is reliable for monitoring cognitive dysfunction in multiple sclerosis (MS). The sSDMT accurately differentiates between cognitively impaired, preserved, and healthy individuals, showing its validity for assessing information processing speed.

Keywords:
Multiple sclerosiscognitiondigital biomarkerecological momentary assessmentsmartphone

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Digital Health
  • Clinical Assessment

Background:

  • Cognitive dysfunction is a common challenge in multiple sclerosis (MS).
  • Early detection and frequent monitoring are crucial for managing MS-related cognitive impairment.
  • Smartphone-based tests offer a promising avenue for in-home, frequent cognitive assessments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the reliability and validity of a smartphone-adapted Symbol Digit Modalities Test (sSDMT).
  • To assess the sSDMT's ability to detect cognitive differences in individuals with MS compared to healthy controls.

Main Methods:

  • 102 MS patients and 24 healthy controls (HC) used the MS sherpa® app for self-administered sSDMT every 3 days over 28 days.
  • Test-retest reliability (ICC), construct validity (group comparisons), and concurrent validity (correlations) were assessed.
  • Baseline cognitive function was evaluated using the Brief International Cognitive Assessment for MS.

Main Results:

  • The sSDMT demonstrated high test-retest reliability (ICCs > 0.8) with a smallest detectable change of 7 points.
  • Significant differences in sSDMT scores were observed between cognitively impaired (CI) MS patients, cognitively preserved (CP) MS patients, and HC (p < 0.05).
  • The sSDMT showed modest correlations with the clinical SDMT (r=0.690), verbal memory (r=0.516), and visuospatial memory (r=0.599).

Conclusions:

  • The self-administered sSDMT is a reliable tool for assessing information processing speed in MS.
  • The sSDMT effectively differentiates cognitive performance across CI MS patients, CP MS patients, and HC.
  • Smartphone-based cognitive assessments hold potential for routine monitoring in MS management.