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Related Concept Videos

Magnetic Resonance Imaging01:24

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a noninvasive medical imaging technique based on a phenomenon of nuclear physics discovered in the 1930s, in which matter exposed to magnetic fields and radio waves was found to emit radio signals. In 1970, a physician and researcher named Raymond Damadian noticed that malignant (cancerous) tissue gave off different signals than normal body tissue. He applied for a patent for the first MRI scanning device in clinical use by the early 1980s. The early MRI...
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Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR): Overview01:07

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Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is a phenomenon exhibited by certain nuclei that can absorb characteristic radio frequency radiation under certain conditions. NMR has been extensively applied in molecular spectroscopy and medical diagnostic imaging. In both these applications, the molecule or subject under study is placed in a magnetic field and irradiated with radio frequency energy.
NMR spectroscopy generates a spectrum where the characteristic absorption frequencies of the sample are...
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NMR Spectrometers: Overview01:20

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NMR spectrometers consist of a strong magnet, a radiofrequency transmitter, and a detector attached to a computer console for recording spectra of samples containing NMR-active nuclei. In first-generation NMR instruments called continuous-wave spectrometers, the resonance frequencies of the nuclei are determined by frequency-sweep or field-sweep methods. The magnetic field strength is fixed and the rf signal is swept in the former, while the radiofrequency signal is fixed and the magnetic field...
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Applications Of NMR In Biology01:25

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Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is a very valuable analytical technique for researchers. It has been used for more than 50 years as an analytical tool. F. Bloch and E. Purcell formulated NMR in 1946 and won the 1952 Nobel Prize in Physics  for their work. Biological macromolecules such as proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, and organic molecules including pharmaceutical compounds, can be studied using this versatile tool that exploits the magnetic properties of certain nuclei.
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Atomic Nuclei: Magnetic Resonance01:05

Atomic Nuclei: Magnetic Resonance

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The number of nuclear spins aligned in the lower energy state is slightly greater than those in the higher energy state. In the presence of an external magnetic field, as the spins precess at the Larmor frequency, the excess population results in a net magnetization oriented along the z axis. When a pulse or a short burst of radio waves at the Larmor frequency is applied along the x axis, the coupling of frequencies causes resonance and flips the nuclear spins of the excess population from the...
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IR Frequency Region: Fingerprint Region01:03

IR Frequency Region: Fingerprint Region

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IR spectra are divided into two main regions: the diagnostic region and the fingerprint region. The diagnostic region of the spectrum lies above 1500 cm−1. The absorptions resulting from single-bond vibrations of the N–H, C–H, and O–H stretch at higher wavenumbers and appear on the left side of the spectrum. The stretching absorptions of the C≡C and C≡N occur between 2100–2300 cm−1. In contrast, those arising from stretching absorptions of the...
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Magnetic resonance fingerprinting: an overview.

Charit Tippareddy1, Walter Zhao1, Jeffrey L Sunshine2

  • 1Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 11100 Euclid Ave., Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.

European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging
|May 26, 2021
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Magnetic resonance fingerprinting (MRF) offers simultaneous, high-resolution quantitative MRI property maps. This evolving technology shows promise for diverse clinical applications, though challenges remain for biomarker establishment.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantitative Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
  • Biomarker Development
  • Medical Imaging Technology

Background:

  • Magnetic resonance fingerprinting (MRF) is an advanced quantitative MRI technique.
  • It involves unique acquisition, processing, visualization, and interpretation methods.
  • MRF enables simultaneous measurement of multiple tissue properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an overview of the current state of MRF technology.
  • To highlight technical and clinical advancements in MRF.
  • To discuss challenges in establishing MRF as a quantitative imaging biomarker.

Main Methods:

  • MRF acquires unique undersampled data.
  • Advanced computational algorithms process the data to generate property maps.
  • Simultaneous T1, T2, M0, ADC, and T2* maps are produced.

Main Results:

  • MRF demonstrates capability for simultaneous high-resolution property mapping.
  • Rapid development has led to diverse clinical applications, including oncology and neurology.
  • Technical and clinical advances are continuously emerging.

Conclusions:

  • MRF is a rapidly evolving quantitative MRI framework.
  • It holds significant potential for various clinical applications.
  • Overcoming current challenges is crucial for its establishment as a quantitative imaging biomarker.