Clinical Approach to Cardiovascular Toxicity of Oral Antineoplastic Agents: JACC State-of-the-Art Review

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Cardiology
• Pharmacology

Background:

• Precision medicine advances have led to targeted cancer therapies, including oral antineoplastic agents.
• Oral formulations offer patient convenience but are associated with increasing cardiovascular toxicities.
• Current monitoring focuses on left ventricular dysfunction, hypertension, and QT prolongation.

Purpose of the Study:

• To provide an updated, practical approach for clinicians on monitoring cardiovascular toxicities.
• To guide the management of cardiovascular side effects from oral antineoplastic agents.
• To improve patient outcomes in cancer care through proactive cardiac monitoring.

Main Methods:

• Review of current literature on oral antineoplastic agents and their cardiovascular effects.
• Analysis of FDA and manufacturer-recommended cardiac monitoring strategies.
• Synthesis of clinical data to inform management guidelines.

Main Results:

• Cardiovascular toxicities are a growing concern with oral antineoplastic agents.
• Effective monitoring and management strategies are crucial for patient safety.
• Early detection and intervention can mitigate serious cardiac events.

Conclusions:

• Clinicians need updated guidance for managing cardiovascular risks associated with oral cancer therapies.
• Proactive cardiac monitoring is essential for patients receiving targeted oral antineoplastics.
• Integrated care between oncology and cardiology can optimize cancer treatment outcomes.