[Near heterophoria with a description of the heterometer]

The examination of near heterophoria with a heterometer using a large series of test plates presented "free-sighted" (i.e., not hindered by optical or mechanical means) enables a more comprehensive analysis to be made than has so far been achieved with other instruments. The principal components of the instruments are an angle mirror and various test panels. The selection of test panels currently available should be developed further. However, comparison with other instruments for examining near heterophoria justifies the conclusion that heterophoria or nearsightedness due to errors of refraction can be determined more easily with this instrument and hence treated more appropriately. Results of examination with the heterometer, combined with exhaustive application of comprehensive analytical test procedures, will probably help to extend our knowledge of the control sequence of binocular coordination in near vision. The instrument has already proved its value not only in orthoptic departments, clinics, and ophthalmologists' offices, but also for determining refractive indices and for screening. It can therefore be recommended for the diagnosis of near heterophoria.