Development of ST-elevation Myocardial Infarction Programs in Developing Countries: Global Challenges and Solutions
1Max Super Speciality Hospital, Saket, New Delhi 110017, India.
Insights
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading global cause of death, disproportionately affecting low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is rapidly increasing in LMICs, presenting significant public health challenges.
Area of Science:
- Global Health
- Epidemiology
- Cardiology
Background:
- Cardiovascular disease (CVD) represents the primary cause of mortality worldwide.
- Low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) bear the brunt of CVD deaths, accounting for approximately 80% of the global total.
- LMICs are experiencing a rapid epidemiologic transition, leading to a high burden of ischemic heart disease (IHD).
Purpose of the Study:
- To highlight the increasing prevalence and impact of ischemic heart disease (IHD) in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).
- To underscore the challenges posed by rising IHD event rates in resource-constrained healthcare settings.
- To address the growing demand for advanced cardiac care amidst variable healthcare quality in LMICs.
Main Methods:
- This study is a review and analysis of epidemiological data on cardiovascular disease.
- It synthesizes information on the trends of ischemic heart disease (IHD) in different economic settings.
- The analysis considers the interplay between technological advancements, patient demand, and healthcare resource limitations.
Main Results:
- Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is emerging as a major health concern in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).
- The rate of increase in premature IHD cases is higher in LMICs compared to high-income countries.
- LMICs face a substantial rise in the absolute number of individuals affected by premature IHD.
Conclusions:
- The escalating burden of ischemic heart disease (IHD) in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) requires urgent global health attention.
- Addressing the growing demand for advanced cardiac care in LMICs necessitates innovative and sustainable healthcare strategies.
- The disparity in IHD event rates and healthcare capacity between LMICs and high-income countries highlights critical global health inequities.
Abstract:
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide; approximately 80% of CVD deaths occur in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). The epidemiologic transition to a high burden of ischemic heart disease (IHD) has happened with greater rapidity in LMICs than in high-income countries. The absolute number of individuals with premature IHD has increased substantially. Higher event rates are observed compared with high-income countries. The technological capability to do extraordinary things for patients has increased, as has patient demand, in a setting of constrained resources and expensive health care of variable quality.
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